碱法热处理对蓝藻厌氧发酵生物转化及微囊藻毒素降解效果的影响  

Effects of Alkaline Thermal Pretreatment to Cyanobacteria Anaerobic Digestion and Microcystins Degradation

作　　者：刘刚[1] 屠春宝 毕相东[2,3] 董少杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学滨海学院环境科学与工程系,天津300270 [2]天津农学院水产学院天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300384 [3]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2016年第6期547-553,共7页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(15ZCZDNC00230);天津市优秀科技特派员科研专项项目(15JCTPJC56000);国家自然科学基金青年项目(31300393);中国博士后科学基金(2015T80212);天津市宁河区科学技术发展项目(2016-07;2014-49);天津市农业科技成果转化及产业化推进计划项目(14ZXNZNC00049)

摘　　要：以蓝藻为原料的厌氧发酵生物转化效率差,产气量低,恰当的预处理工艺可以调整蓝藻特性,提升厌氧发酵的产气效率。本文研究碱法热处理耦联的预处理工艺对蓝藻降解效果的影响,采用旋转组合设计法,以蓝藻藻浆SCODcr为响应值,研究预处理3个主要参数变化对蓝藻细胞的分解效果。结果表明,三次多项式数学模型可以很好的拟合联合预处理工艺参数对蓝藻藻浆SCODcr的影响,模型的R^2为0.983 9。验证试验表明:当NaOH处理浓度为3%、78℃处理5.6 h时,蓝藻藻浆SCODcr为5 446 mg·L^(-1),是采用1%NaOH、40℃处理3 h,蓝藻藻浆SCODcr值(2 570 mg·L^(-1))的2.12倍。厌氧发酵结果表明,经优化处理后的蓝藻藻浆产气率较对照提高了4.72倍,达425.4 mL·g^(-1)VS。同时,研究发现经预处理的蓝藻厌氧发酵后,烘干的藻粉中不含MC-RR,MC-YR含量仅为0.58×10-2μg·kg^(-1),可安全地用于制备复合有机肥。Owing to the protection from cell wall, biological conversion efficiency of cyanobacteria is low in anaerobic fermentation. Appropri-ate pretreatments can adjust characteristics of cyanobacteria, and enhance the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation. In this paper, the pre-treatment of heat treatment coupled with alkali method was studied. The effect of three main pretreatment parameters on the decomposition of cyanobacteria was studied by using the rotation combination design method（RCDM）. The SCODcr was the response value of RCDM. The results showed that cubic polynomial mathematical model could be good fitting fluctuation of SCODcr in difference combined pretreatment pro-cess, the R^2 of the model was 0.983 9. The experimental verification display： 3% NaOH, 78 ℃ heat treatment for 5.6 h, SCODcr of cyanobacteria was 5 446 mg·L^（-1）. While 1% NaOH,40 ℃ heat treatment for 3 h, SCODcr of cyanobacteria was 2 570 mg·L^（-1）.The effect of pretreatment on biogas production rate of anaerobic fermentation and degradation of microcystins were also detected. Compared with the control group, the optimized pretreatment cyanobacteria increased biogas yield of anaerobic fermentation by 4.72 times. The study also found that dry algae powder from anaerobic fermentation of pretreated cyanobacteria, did not contain MC-RR, and MC-YR content was 0.58×10^（-2）μg·kg^（-1）, and therefore could be safely used in the preparation of organic fertilizer.

关 键 词：蓝藻 厌氧发酵 碱法热处理 旋转组合 微囊藻毒素 

分 类 号：S142.5[农业科学—肥料学]