不同施肥措施对冬小麦田间群体微环境的影响  

Effects of Various Long-term Fertilizations on Micro-climate of Winter Wheat Group

作　　者：聂胜委[1] 张巧萍[1,2] 张玉亭[1] 韩伟锋[1] 黄绍敏[1] 宝德俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学农学院/河南省粮食作物协同创新中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2016年第6期576-582,共7页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金(2013YQ15);国家自然科学基金(31301284);"十二五"科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B08)

摘　　要：以长期不施肥（CK）为对照,研究单施氮肥（N）、氮钾配施（NK）、氮磷配施（NP）、氮磷钾配施（NPK）对冬小麦田间群体小气候的影响。结果表明,长期不施肥、单施氮肥、氮钾肥配施（CK、N、NK）措施在小麦拔节期、灌浆期容易导致较高的群体冠层温度和群体内地面温度,群体叶片SPAD值较低,不利于小麦的生长,造成减产;而氮磷肥配施、氮磷钾肥配施（NP、NPK）措施则相反,更有利于小麦的生长,获得较高的产量,冠层温度调控幅度在0.5～8℃,地面温度调控幅度0.5～16℃,群体叶片SPAD值改善幅度3～17个单位。此外,不同施肥措施对小麦群体内相对湿度、CO_2浓度的影响没有表现出一定的规律性。In this manuscript, micro-climate of winter wheat′s group under CK（No fertilizer）, N（Inorganic N fertilizer）, NK（Inorganic N and K fertilizer）, NP（Inorganic N and P fertilizer）, and NPK（Inorganic N, P and K fertilizer） fertilizations was studied. The results showed that CK, N and NK fertilization treatments would lead to higher wheat′s canopy temperature and surface ground temperature and lower leaves SPAD value at the elongation stage and filling stage, which were not favor for wheat ′s growth and obtained lower grain yield; while NP and NPK treatment were on the contrary, they were benefited for wheat′s growth and gained better grain yield. Compared with CK, N, and NK treatment, there were about 0.5～8 ℃ on the canopy and 0.5～16 ℃ on the soil surface could be changed by NP and NPK treatment, respectively; and about 3～17 SPAD unit could be improved. Additionally, fertilization practices had no significant effects on wheat ′s group relative humidity and CO_2 concentrations.

关 键 词：施肥 冬小麦 群体 微环境 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]