湘南浓香型烟叶产区烤烟大田生育期气候变化趋势分析  

Analysis about the Climate Variation Trend during Field Growth Period in Xiangnan Strong Flavor Type Tobacco Cultivation Area

作　　者：陈佳武 陈颐[1,2] 周清明[3] 杨虹琦[1,2] 李宏光 吴丛锋 崔晓闯 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学烟草科学与健康重点实验室,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [3]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [4]湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司,郴州423000

出　　处：《作物研究》2016年第6期697-703,713,共8页Crop Research

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司科技项目(11-14Aa01;2013NK3073)

摘　　要：采用湘南桂阳和江华烟区1981-2010年平均气温、均温、日照时间、降水量等6项气象观测资料,以线性拟合方法分析湘南烟区烤烟大田生育期气候变化特征。结果表明：1）桂阳和江华烟区烤烟大田生长期气温上升率分别为每10年0.544、0.626℃,日照时间上升率分别为每10年30.672、69.744h,湘南烟区的光热因素表现出上升趋势,有利于烟叶的提前移栽和延长大田生育期。2）桂阳和江华烟区烤烟大田生长期降水量上升率分别为每10年23.524、10.685mm,蒸发量上升率分别为每10年23.625、65.811mm,而相对湿度下降率分别为每10年1.299%、2.589%,表明湘南烟区的水湿因素可以满足烟叶大田生长期的生长需求。在拉长烟叶大田生育期的同时保证雨水充足,是优化湘南烟叶结构的重要手段。The linear fitting method was adopted to analyse the climate variation characteristic of field growth period in Xiangnan tobacco cultivation area with six meteorologic observation data（ 1981 - 2010） from Guiyang and Jianghua tobacco cultivation area, including temperature, average temperature, sunshine hours, and precipitation, etc. Results showed that 1 ） The rising rate of temperature in field growth period was 0. 544℃/10 a and 0. 626℃/10 a in Guiyang and Jianghua tobacco cultivation area respectively, and the rising rate of sunshine hours was 30. 672 h/10 a and 69. 744 h/10 a respectively. There was a rising trend in light and heat factor in Xiangnan area,which is advantageous to advance the stage of transplanting and extend field growth period. 2） The rising rate of precipitation in field growth period was 23. 524 mm/10 a and 10. 685 mm/10 a respectively and the rising rate of evaporation was 23. 625 mm/10 a and 65. 811 mm/10 a respectively. While the declining rate of relative humidity was 1. 299%/10 a and 2. 589%/10 a respectively,indicating that the demand of water and humidity in field growth period would be satisfied in the days to come in Xiangnan tobacco cultivation area. It also an important measure to ensure adequate supply of rainfall simultaneously when the field growth period was extended, to optimize structure of Xiangnan tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：烤烟 大田生育期 气候 桂阳 江华 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]