人类活动对东北黑土区侵蚀沟发育的影响  

Effects of Human Activity on Gully Erosion in Black Soil Region in Northeast China

作　　者：蒋小娟[1] 王岩松[2] 范昊明[1] 钟云飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]松辽水利委员会,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《人民黄河》2016年第11期89-93,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41371272)

摘　　要：为深入了解人类活动对东北黑土区侵蚀沟发育的影响,从社会、经济、文化三方面,选取人口密度、人口结构、垦殖指数、道路密度、耕地产出率、农牧民年人均纯收入、单位面积水土保持机构个数等7个指标,运用人类活动强度模型,定量分析人类活动强度及其对侵蚀沟发育的影响,结果表明:内蒙古东四盟、黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省人类活动强度分别为0.24、0.27、0.41、0.79;人类活动强度与单位面积侵蚀沟发育数量、侵蚀沟发育面积、侵蚀沟发育长度显著相关,相关系数分别为0.978 5、0.822 4、0.777 3;侵蚀沟发育数量先随人类活动强度的提高而增大,在人类活动强度接近0.6时达到峰值0.45条/km2,之后随着其提高而减小;侵蚀沟发育长度和侵蚀沟发育面积先随人类活动强度的提高而减小,然后随人类活动强度提高而增大,当人类活动强度为0.6时,侵蚀沟发育长度、面积均接近于0,侵蚀沟停止发育。In order to find out the effects of human activity on gully erosion deeply, quantitative model was used to calculate the human activity intensity of four provinces （ autonomous regions） in black soil areas in Northeast China to analyze the development impact of human activities on gully erosion quantitatively, which is represented by seven selected indicators of society, economy and culture. The indicators are population density, population structure, cultivation index, road density, farmland productivity, per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen, the number of soil and water conservation agencies in per unit area. The research results show that on terms of the human activity inten-sity, Liaoning Province is the biggest and Heilongjiang and Jilin Province are at intermediate levels, then the four Leagues of Inner Mongolia are the smallest. Their values are 0.79, 0.27, 0.41 and 0.24 respectively. Human activity intensity is significantly associated with per unit area gully erosion development number and gully erosion development area and length, and their correlation coefficients are 0.9785, 0.8224 and 0.7773 respectively. At the beginning, per unit area gully erosion development number increases along with the growth of human activity intensity, then it decreases. When the value of human activity intensity is close to 0.6, it is to the maxium 0.45 /km^2. Both of gully erosiondevelopment area and length decrease along with the growth of human activity intensity, when the value of human activity intensity is about 0.6, their values reach zero and gullies stop developing. While the value of human activity intensity is bigger than 0.6, they increase with the growth of human activity intensity.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 侵蚀沟 人类活动强度 东北黑土区 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]