单纯烟雾暴露建立慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠模型的方法学研究  

Methodological Study for Modelling Rat Model of COPD Caused by Simple Smog Exposure

作　　者：陈愉生[1,2] 陈小燕[1] 陈正伟[1] 黄文森[1] 李鸿茹[1,2] 许能銮[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学省立临床医学院(福建省立医院)呼吸内科,福建省福州市350001 [2]福建省呼吸四病研究室

出　　处：《实用心脑肺血管病杂志》2016年第10期58-62,共5页Practical Journal of Cardiac Cerebral Pneumal and Vascular Disease

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(2014J01288)

摘　　要：目的探讨单纯烟雾暴露建立慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠模型的方法,为COPD动物模型的建立提供参考。方法将24只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、烟雾暴露8周组、烟雾暴露10周组、烟雾暴露12组,每组6只。将烟雾暴露组大鼠置于自制玻璃染毒箱中,烟雾暴露2 h/d,5 d/周;对照组大鼠同时放在另一自制玻璃染毒箱中,自由呼吸空气。观察各组大鼠一般情况,比较各组大鼠肺功能指标、支气管肺泡灌洗液炎性细胞计数及肺组织病理学检查结果。结果 (1)一般情况:对照组大鼠整个实验过程中活动正常,毛发白亮细密,精神佳,无气促、发绀,食量好;烟雾暴露8周组大鼠活动减少,倦卧,毛发黄涩无光泽;烟雾暴露10周组大鼠活动进一步减少,精神不佳,毛发黄涩,食欲下降,间歇咳嗽偶有喘息;烟雾暴露12周组大鼠活动较烟雾暴露8周组、烟雾暴露10周组大鼠减少,精神萎靡,毛发枯糙发黄脱落,口唇及指抓发绀,消瘦。(2)肺功能指标:烟雾烟雾暴露12周组大鼠0.3秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量比值(FEV0.3/FVC)和肺动态顺应性(Cdyn)低于对照组、烟雾暴露8周组、烟雾暴露10周组,吸气阻力(Ri)和呼气阻力(Re)高于对照组、烟雾暴露8周组、烟雾暴露10周组(P<0.05);烟雾暴露8周组和烟雾暴露10周组大鼠Cdyn低于对照组(P<0.05)。(3)支气管肺泡灌洗液炎性细胞计数结果:烟雾暴露8周组、烟雾暴露10周组、烟雾暴露12周组大鼠炎性细胞计数和中性粒细胞分数高于对照组,巨噬细胞分数低于对照组(P<0.05);但4组大鼠淋巴细胞分数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(4)肺组织病理学检查结果显示,对照组大鼠支气管和肺泡结构清晰,气道黏膜上皮细胞排列整齐,肺泡大小均匀;烟雾暴露8周组大鼠肺组织以炎性细胞浸润为主;烟雾暴露10周组大鼠肺组织炎性细胞浸润更明显,气管壁平滑肌、纤维结缔组织增生,可见少许肺泡壁破坏;Objective To explore the model replicating methods of rat model of COPD caused by simple smog exposure. Methods A total of 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,8- week smog exposure group,10-week smog exposure group,12- week smog exposure group,each of 6 rats. Rats of 8- week smog exposure group,10- week smog exposure group and 12- week smog exposure group were put in homemade glass box for infection,the frequency of smog exposure was 2 hours per day,5 days per week; rats of control group were put in other homemade glass box for infection with breathing the air. General conditions of the four groups were observed,index of pulmonary function,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid inflammatory cells count and pathology examination results of lung tissue were compared among the four groups. Results（ 1）General conditions： rats of control group performed normal activities during the experiment with white fine hair,good spirit and food intake,without anhelation or cyanosis; rats of 8- week smog exposure group performed less activity and tired of lying,with yellow unsmooth unglazed hair; rats of 10- week smog exposure group performed less activity and poor spirit, with yellow unsmooth hair and loss of appetite,intermittent cough and wheeze; rats of 12- week smog exposure group performed badly less activity than that of 8- week smog exposure group and 10- week smog exposure group,with drooping spirit,dry rough yellow hair and alopecia,cyanosis of lips and fingernail,emaciation.（ 2） Index of pulmonary function： forced expiratory volume in0. 3 second and forced vital capacity ratio（ FEV0. 3/ FVC） and pulmonary dynamic compliance（ Cdyn） of 12- week smog exposure group were statistically significantly lower than those of control group,8- week smog exposure group and 10- week smog exposure group, inhalation resistance（ Ri） and exhalation resistance（ Re） of 12- week smog exposure group were statistically significantly higher than those of control group,8- week smog exposure group and 10- we

关 键 词：肺疾病 慢性阻塞性 烟雾 大鼠 模型 动物 方法学研究 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统]