高产夏花生养分限制因子及养分吸收积累研究  

Nutrient Restricting Factors and Accumulation of High-yield Summer Peanut

作　　者：司贤宗[1] 张翔[1] 毛家伟[1] 李亮[1] 李国平[1] 余辉 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]正阳县花生研究所,河南正阳463600

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2016年第11期34-37,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省花生产业技术体系"耕作栽培岗位"项目(S2012-05-G02);河南省农业科学院自主创新专项基金项目;河南省重大科技攻关项目(122101110600)

摘　　要：采用大田随机区组设计,在测土配方优化施肥的基础上,研究了不施氮、磷、钾、锌对花生生长发育、养分积累和产量的影响,旨在为砂姜黑土区夏花生稳产、高产提供科学依据。结果表明,测土配方优化施肥处理的花生产量以及不同器官氮、磷、钾、锌含量和积累量均最高。与不施肥相比,测土配方优化施肥处理以及不施氮、磷、钾、锌处理的花生荚果产量分别增加1 375.0、898.9、1 089.3、705.4、1 172.7 kg/hm^2;与测土配方优化施肥相比,不施氮、磷、钾、锌处理的花生荚果产量分别降低8.9%、5.3%、12.5%、3.8%。可见,花生主产区砂姜黑土中钾是限制花生增产的首要因子,其次是氮,再次是磷,最后是锌。N、P2O5、K2O、Zn SO4·7H2O施用量分别为150、90、120、30 kg/hm^2时,花生产量最高,为5 357.1 kg/hm^2,且对氮、磷、钾和锌的吸收积累量均最大,分别为262.1、37.6、112.8、2.8 kg/hm^2。In order to provide technical basis for summer peanut stable and high yield in vertisol area,the effects of non-application of nitrogen , phosphorus , potassium , zinc fertilizer on peanut growth , nutrient accumulation and yield were studied by field experiment with randomized block design based on the optimized fertilization by soil testing and formulated. The results showed that peanut yield, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc content and accumulation rate in different organs of peanut were the highest under optimized fertilization by soil testing and formulated. Compared with the treatment without fertilizer, peanut yield of the treatment with optimized fertilization by soil testing and formulated, no application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc fertilizer increased by 1 375. 0 kg/ha, 898. 9 kg/ha, 1 089. 3 kg/ha, 705. 4 kg/ha, 1 172. 7 kg/ha, respectively; compared with the treatment with optimized fertilization by soil testing and formulated, the peanut yield of the treatment with no application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc fertilizer decreased by 8. 9% ,5. 3% ,12. 5% ,3. 8% , respectively. It indicated that potassium was the most primary limited factor for peanut yield,followed by nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc. The peanut yield and accumulation of N, P, K and Zn in peanut were the highest,which were 5 357. 1 kg/ ha,262. 1 kg/ha,37.6 kg/ha,112. 8 kg/ha and 2.8 kg/ha, respectively , when N of 150 kg/ha,P2O5 of 90 kg/ha, K2O of 120 kg/ha and ZnSO4 · 7H2O of 30 kg/ha were applied, respectively.

关 键 词：夏花生 高产 养分限制因子 吸收积累 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]