绿宝苹果与不同砧木嫁接亲和性初探  

Preliminary Exploration on Graft Compatibility between Bramley Apple and Different Rootstocks

作　　者：郑鑫[1] 李首正 王燕[1] 张志晓[1] 江文 曾丽蓉[1] 骆建霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院园艺园林学院,天津300384 [2]天津樱桃谷农业科技发展有限公司,天津301908

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2016年第11期96-99,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：天津市科委基础与前沿技术研究计划资助项目(14JCYBJC30200);天津市农委资助项目(201101120)

摘　　要：为了解绿宝苹果的嫁接亲和性,将绿宝苹果嫁接于4种海棠砧木上,研究不同砧木对其嫁接成活率、新梢生长、生理及光合特性的影响,结果表明:绿宝苹果嫁接在红果海棠上成活率最高;嫁接在西府海棠上的新梢长度和粗度均极显著高于其他组合;嫁接在圆叶海棠上的净光合速率(Pn)极显著高于其他组合,而多酚氧化酶(PPO)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性最低;嫁接在珠美海棠上的成活率、新梢长度和粗度以及Pn均最低,而PPO、SOD活性最高;圆叶海棠的隶属函数平均值最高,珠美海棠的最低。综合各测试指标及隶属函数分析结果认为:4种海棠均可用作绿宝苹果的嫁接砧木,嫁接亲和性强弱依次为:圆叶海棠>红果海棠>西府海棠>珠美海棠。Bramley apple grafted on 4 distinctive rootstocks from Malus spp. was studied to learn its graft compatibility to different rootstocks by determining and analyzing graft survival rate, shoots growth, photosynthetic and physiological characteristics.The results showed that Bramley apple grafted on M. sieboldii had the highest survival rate. The graft combination between Bramley and M. micromalus had the highest shoot length and diameter among all the tested combinations. M. prunifolia var. ringo and Bramley graft union had the very significantly higher net photosynthetic rate than the other combinations but the lowest PPO and SOD activities among the four combinations, with the highest mean value of membership function in all. Graft combination of M. zhumei and Bramley had the lowest survival rate, shoot length, diameter, net photosynthetic rate and mean value of membership function but the highest PPO and SOD activities in all. Conclusions can be drawn from the indexes quoted above and membership function analysis that four Malus spp. tested in the experiment can be used as rootstocks for Bramley apple and their graft compatibility can be ordered as M. pruni folia var. ringo 〉 M. sieboldii 〉 M. micromalus 〉 M. zhumei.

关 键 词：绿宝苹果 嫁接亲和性 成活率 新梢生长 光合特性 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]