拇外翻发病危险因素与足底压力特征  

The risk factors and plantar pressure characteristics of hallux valgus

作　　者：黄萍[1] 钱念东[1] 齐进[1] 陈博[1] 邓廉夫[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市伤骨科研究所,上海市中西医结合防治骨与关节病损重点实验室,上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院,上海市200025

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2016年第42期6351-6356,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：上海市生物医药领域科技支撑项目(13431900702);上海市卫生和计划生育委员会面上项目(201440411);上海交通大学医学院科技基金项目(14XJ10072)~~

摘　　要：背景:拇外翻具有较复杂的足部解剖畸形,使足底区域的压力发生改变。目的:分析拇外翻的发病危险因素,检测拇外翻患者平地自然行走下足底压力分布特征。方法:采用比利时RSscan INTERNATIONAL公司生产的footscanU SB2平板式足底压力测试系统,检测50例拇外翻患者和年龄、身高、体质量匹配的30例正常人的动态足底压力。所有受试者测试时均脱鞋袜,以个人平常步态自然行走,每人测试3次以上,取得动态足底压力曲线及特征量参数,对曲线及各参数进行分析。结果与结论:(1)测试的拇外翻患者中,女性占94%(均穿高跟尖头鞋),男性占6%(均不穿高跟尖头鞋),96%有遗传史;(2)在自然行走步态中,拇外翻患者双足第1跖骨区压力明显增高,与正常人足底压力图形明显不同;(3)拇外翻患者第1跖骨的平均压力峰值、平均负荷值、平均冲量与正常人相比,均明显增高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(4)结果说明,除遗传因素外穿高跟尖头鞋是拇外翻发生的一个重要因素,拇外翻患者第1跖骨区压力、负荷、冲量明显增高,促使了拇外翻的发生发展。通过分析拇外翻的发病危险因素以及拇外翻患者动态足底压力情况,可以为拇外翻的预防、治疗、功能康复等提供重要参考。BACKGROUND：Complex anatomic deformity of the foot due to hal ux valgus results in the changes of plantar biomechanics. OBJECTIVE：To analyze the risk factors of hal ux valgus and to detect the plantar pressure of hal ux valgus in natural walking. METHODS：The dynamic plantar pressures of 50 patients and 30 age-, height-and weight-matched normal persons were respectively tested by the Footscan USB2 system （RSscan International, Belgium）. Al subjects were detected during barefoot walking over three times, to obtain the dynamic plantar pressure curves and characteristic parameters for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Among patients with hal ux valgus, women accounted for 94%（al wearing pointed high-heeled shoes）, men accounted for 6%（none wearing pointed high-heeled shoes）, and 96%had a genetic history. During the natural walking, the first metatarsal pressure of hal ux valgus feet was increased significantly, which markedly differed from the normal people. The average peak pressure, average load, and average impulse of the first metatarsal in hal ux valgus patients were significantly increased compared with the normal controls （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. These results show that wearing high-heeled pointed shoes is another important factor of the hal ux valgus in addition to genetic factors. Pressure, load, impulse of the first metatarsal in hal ux valgus patients are markedly increased contributing to the occurrence and development of the hal ux valgus. Al above findings provide an important basis for the prevention, treatment and functional rehabilitation of hal ux valgus.

关 键 词：拇外翻 危险因素 足 压力 步态 组织工程 组织构建 骨组织工程 发病因素 足底压力 负荷 冲量 行走 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]