骨微结构与微损伤检测方法的研究与进展  

Research progress of bone microarchitecture and microdamage detection

作　　者：许灿[1] 李明清[1] 王成功[1] 李康华[1] 刘华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院骨科,湖南省长沙市410008

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2016年第44期6673-6681,共9页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81301543)~~

摘　　要：背景:骨质疏松所致的骨脆性增加和骨质量下降越来越受到人们的重视。骨微结构和微损伤是影响骨质量的重要因素,其检测技术和设备的发展经历了比较长的历史进程。目的:简述骨微结构和骨微损伤的基本概念,归纳总结骨微结构和微损伤检测技术的研究进展。方法:检索Pubmed数据库和中国知识资源总库(CNKI)系列数据库1990年1月至2016年6月收录的骨微结构和微损伤相关综述和论文报告,检索词为骨微损伤(bone microdamage)、骨微结构(bone microarchitecture)和检测(detect/detective/detecting),最终纳入65篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:(1)碱性品红骨大块染色能够快速有效的检测和评估线性和弥散性微损伤,micro-CT和激光共聚焦显微镜能在微米层级对骨微结构以及微损伤的三维形态进行分析,而扫描电镜则能够在纳米层级观察骨微损伤的形貌细节,但无法整体观察微损伤;(2)应当根据实验需要灵活使用各种方法,以获得骨微结构和微损伤的各种相关信息,最终有助于在不同层级上理解骨微结构和微损伤对骨质量的影响。BACKGROUND：Bone fragility and poor bone quality due to osteoporosis are a major and increasing concern. Bone microarchitecture and microdamage, the important factors of bone quality, their detection technology and instrument have experienced a long development process. OBJECTIVE：To give a brief introduction of the concept of the bone microarchitecture and microdamage, then to summarize the research progress of their detective methods. METHODS：PubMed and CNKI databases were retrieved for reviews and articles related to bone microarchitecture and microdamage published from January 1990 to June 2016 using the keywords of“bone microarchitecture, bone microdamage and detect/detective/detecting”in Chinese and English, respectively. Finaly a total of 65 articles were selected for overview. RESULTS AND CONCLUISON：（1） Bulk staining is a quick and useful way to confirm and assess linear microcracks and diffuse damage. Micro-CT and confocal microscopy al ow visualization at the micron scale, and are useful tools to understand the three-dimentional nature of bone microdamage. Scanning electron microscope lacks the ability to investigate large regions of microdamage, but al ows users to probe in extensive details at the nano scale. （2） Ultimately, we recommend the use of multiple imaging modalities according to the experimental needs to obtain useful information about bone quality and microdamage formation, across the scales of hierarchy in bone.

关 键 词：骨质疏松 骨折 骨密度 组织工程 骨科植入物 骨植入物 骨微结构 骨微损伤 检测方法 国家自然科学基金 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]