电解水对黄瓜生长、果实品质及黄瓜霜霉病和白粉病防效的影响  

Effects of electrolyzed water on the growth and quality of cucumber and its control efficiency against cucumber downy mildew and powdery mildew

作　　者：魏肖鹏[1] 董宇[1] 孙娟娟[1] 邱燕燕[1] 栾广忠[1] 张秉奎[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学食品科学与工程学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2016年第5期819-827,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：杨凌示范区科技计划项目(2015NY-08);西北农林科技大学科技创新与成果转化专项(NYY2013-55)

摘　　要：为明确KCl及NaCl电解水对黄瓜生长、果实品质及病害防效的影响,以3种电解水定期喷施大棚黄瓜,测定黄瓜生长指标及果实外观与营养品质,并测定其对黄瓜白粉病和霜霉病的防效。结果表明,除KCl微酸性电解水组的黄瓜叶面积显著高于农药组外,喷施电解水对黄瓜植株生长的影响均不显著;喷施KCl电解水可提高果实横径和果形指数,显著降低果实弓形高度,与自来水和农药对照组相比果实维生素C含量分别显著提高9.3%和37.6%,单果质量均提高11.0%,但总产量增加不明显;喷施NaCl电解水可显著增加果实糖酸比。NaCl和KCl电解水对黄瓜白粉病防效分别为72.2%和69.0%,与农药组防效相当;KCl微酸性电解水组防效稍低,为61.1%。NaCl和KCl电解水及KCl微酸性电解水对黄瓜霜霉病防效较差,分别为30.5%、26.4%和9.4%,显著低于农药组。研究表明,与NaCl电解水相比,喷施KCl电解水不但可替代农药防治黄瓜白粉病,还可显著提高黄瓜果实品质。In order to investigate the effects of electrolyzed water（ EW） on the growth,fruit quality of cucumber and disease control efficacy,spraying with slightly acidic electrolyzed water from KCl solution alone and spraying with acidic electrolyzed water followed by basic electrolyzed water from KCl and NaCl solution were applied to greenhouse cucumber plants at intervals. The results showed that no significant effect was found among the various EWs on the growth of cucumber plants,except that the leaf area in the treatment of slightly acidic EW from KCl solution was significantly larger than that treated with pesticides.In the treatment of EW from KCl solution,both fruit diameter and shape index increased,while the fruit bow height decreased significantly. Compared with tap water and pesticides,the vitamin C content of cucumber fruit significantly increased by 9. 3% and 37. 6%,respectively,and the average fruit weight both increased by 11. 0%,but less increase was achieved in the total yield. The acid / sugar ratio increased significantly with the treatment of EW from NaCl solution. The control efficacies of EW from NaCl and KCl solution against powdery mildew were 72. 2% and 69. 0%,respectively,both of which were equivalent to that of pesticides. The control efficacy of slightly acidic EW from KCl solution was 61. 1%,a little lower than that of pesticides,but their efficacies against downy mildew were 30. 5%,26. 4% and 9. 4%,respectively,significantly lower than those of pesticides. Compared with EW from NaCl solution,the EW from KCl solution could be used to improve the quality of cucumber fruit,besides used as a pesticide substitute for the control of cucumber powdery mildew.

关 键 词：电解水 黄瓜 生长 品质 白粉病 霜霉病 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S436.421[农业科学—园艺学]