医院获得性下呼吸道感染现患率与感染病原菌监测报告  

Monitoring reports on prevalence and pathogen of hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract infections

作　　者：薛菊兰[1] 胡晓原[2] 詹嘉琪 王向荣[3] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学附属第一医院,湖北荆州434000 [2]中南大学湘雅医学院 [3]湖北中医药大学

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2016年第10期980-982,共3页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

基　　金：湖北省教学科学"十二五"规划项目(2012B083)

摘　　要：目的了解湖北省医院获得性下呼吸道感染的发病情况与感染病原菌特点。方法利用医院感染监测网络系统统计和分析2014年10月77家二级及以上综合和专科性医院实施医院感染现患率调查的资料。结果发现77家医院中共1 090例医院获得性下呼吸道感染,感染患病率为1.43%;14 880例手术患者中有241例肺部感染,手术后肺炎患病率为1.62%。医院获得性下呼吸道感染高发的科室是综合ICU、神经外科、新生儿科、血液科、胸外科。从送检的病原学标本中共分离阳性感染病原体666株,其中革兰阴性菌占77.93%,革兰阳性菌占14.41%,真菌占6.31%,主要检出病原菌铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌分别占23.42%和21.92%。结论综合ICU、神经外科、新生儿科、血液科、胸外科为医院获得性下呼吸道医院感染的高危科室,铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌为医院获得性下呼吸道医院感染的主要病原菌,各医院感染管理办公室应与相关科室建立目标责任制管理措施,主动提高控制医院获得性下呼吸道感染的能力。Objective To understand characteristics of prevalence and pathogen of hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract infection in province. Methods Data about nosocomial infection prevalence in 77 hospitals with the grade of two and above in our province in October 2014 were analyzed by the hospital infection monitoring network system. Results A total of76 145 inpatients were monitored,1 090 of them had hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract infections,with the prevalence of hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract infections of 1. 43%. There were 14 880 people who had a surgical treatment,of which 241 had pulmonary infections,and the prevalence of postoperative pneumonia was 1. 62%. The top five hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract infection prevalence departments were comprehensive ICU,Neurosurgery,neonatal Pediatrics,Hematology,thoracic surgery. 666 strains of positive pathogen were isolated from committed specimens of inpatients with hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract infection,in which gram negative bacteria accounted for 77. 93%,gram positive bacteria accounted for 14. 41%,fungi accounted for 6. 31%,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Baumannii acinetobacter were the main isolated pathogens accounted for 23. 42% and 21. 92% respectively. Conclusion The comprehensive ICU,neurosurgery,neonatal pediatrics,hematology and thoracic surgery are high risk departments for hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract infections,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Baumannii acinetobacter were the main pathogens that causing hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract infections. So the nosocomial infection management office and related departments should establish the target responsibility management measures to improve the ability of controlling the hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract infection initiatively.

关 键 词：医院获得性感染 下呼吸道感染 现患率 病原菌 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]