氧化亚铁硫杆菌生物浸出铅锌硫化矿尾矿及浸出过程中重金属形态分析研究  

Study on bioleaching of heavy metals in lead-zinc mine tailings by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and the transformation in the speciation of heavy metals during the bioleaching

作　　者：叶茂友[1,2] 严苹方 孙水裕[1,3,2] 韩大建[1,2] 陈韵[1] 肖晓[1,2] 庄圣炜 郑莉[1,2] 黄绍松[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510006 [2]广东省环境保护矿冶行业重金属污染防治与职业教育重点实验室,广州510006 [3]广东环境保护工程职业学院,佛山528216

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2016年第11期4102-4111,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(No.2015A030308008;2015A030310143);广东省环保厅专项资金项目;广东省科技计划项目(No.2016A040403068)~~

摘　　要：研究嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,A.f)对铅锌硫化矿尾矿重金属离子的生物浸出和重金属形态变化有助于了解生物浸出作用的过程变化.通过考察生物浸出体系中不同的矿浆浓度对pH值和浸出尾矿重金属的影响,探究生物浸出过程的重金属形态变化情况.结果表明,生物浸出作用对pH值和尾矿重金属的浸出影响巨大,随着矿浆浓度的增加,pH值下降速率呈现先升高后降低、重金属浸出率也呈现先增加后降低的趋势,最佳的生物浸出矿浆浓度为50 g·L^(-1),Fe和Zn的最佳浸出率分别为85.45%和97.85%.重金属形态分析表明,生物浸出作用对尾矿重金属形态变化产生巨大的影响,随着浸出时间的延长,重金属形态逐渐改变,首先易迁移的重金属被生物浸出,然后稳定的重金属也逐渐被生物浸出.Study on the bioleaching of heavy metals in lead-zinc mine tailings using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and the transformation in the speciation of heavy metals during the bioleaching is helpful to understand the bioleaching process. In this study,recovery of heavy metals from lead- zinc mine tailings in different solid concentration by bioleaching was investigated. The effects of pH and recovery efficiencies of heavy metals,and transformation inthe speciation of heavy metals in the leaching were studied. The results show that the bioleaching strongly affected pH and the recovery efficiencies of heavy metals. With increasing solid concentration in the bioleaching,the pH decrease and the leaching rate of heavy metals increased first and then decreased. About 85. 45% of Fe and 97. 85% of Zn were recovered from mine tailings under the optimum condition with 50 g·L^（-1）of solid. The analysis results indicate that the bioleaching had a significant impact on the speciation of heavy metals. In the bioleaching process,the transformation in the speciation of heavy metals was a gradual process. The mobile fractions of the heavy metals were first bioleached,followed by stable fractions.

关 键 词：生物浸出 重金属 氧化亚铁硫杆菌 形态 尾矿 

分 类 号：X753[环境科学与工程—环境工程]