铁锰双金属材料对砷和重金属复合污染土壤的稳定化研究  

Stabilization effects and mechanisms of Fe-Mn binary oxide on arsenic and heavy metal co-contaminated soils

作　　者：费杨[1,2,3] 阎秀兰[1,2] 廖晓勇[1,2] 李永华[1,2] 林龙勇 单天宇[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所环境损害与污染修复北京市重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]广东省环境科学研究院,广州510045

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2016年第11期4164-4172,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41571309);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(No.2013AA06A206)~~

摘　　要：由于矿产资源的共生、伴生现象及历史上采选冶技术的相对落后,我国矿区附近的重金属污染场地多存在复合污染的情况,而稳定化技术是解决该问题的有效措施.本文通过室内模拟培养实验和静态吸附试验,研究了人工合成的铁锰双金属材料（FMBO）对矿区复合污染土壤中As、Pb、Cd等重金属的稳定化作用和机制.毒性浸出实验结果表明,在3种不同的As和重金属复合污染土壤中,FMBO材料能够对As和Pb等重金属起到较好的稳定化作用,在5%的最大添加量下,FMBO对As、Pb的稳定化效率分别能够达到95.2%~100%和95.5%~97.5%,同时不会引起Cd、Zn和Cu等重金属的活化.由连续提取实验结果可知,FMBO能够使土壤中As和Pb由酸可提取态向可还原态转变,稳定性增强.微观特征分析结果表明,FMBO材料对As的稳定化主要通过表面羟基（—OH）基团的吸附作用,而对Pb、Cd等金属离子则通过吸附、沉淀等多种方式起作用.总体看来,FMBO材料适用于As、Pb等重金属复合污染土壤的治理.Because of the paragenetic and associated phenomena of the mineral resources and the poor technology of mining,dressing and smelting,mine areas and their surroundings in China are polluted by various heavy metals such as arsenic,lead,cadmium,zinc,copper. Stabilization is an effective measure to solve this problem. In this manuscript,laboratory culture experiments and static adsorption tests were carried out to investigate the stabilization effects and mechanisms of Fe-Mn binary oxides（ FMBO） to As,Pb and Cd in heavy metal co-contaminated soils. Results of the culture experiments showed that FMBO could significantly stabilize As and Pb in the soils,which could reduce 95. 2% ~ 100% of TCLP-extractable As and 95. 5% ~ 97. 5%of TCLP-extractable Pb after adding FMBO under 5% mass percentage dosage. Meanwhile,it did not lead to the activation of other heavy metals,such as cadmium,zinc and copper. In the BCR sequential extraction tests,FMBO could transform acid exchangeable As and Pb mainly to reducible fractions.From the analysis of microscopic characteristics,FMBO stabilized As mainly through adsorption by surface hydroxyl groups,while the stabilization of Pb,Cd,Zn,and Cu was achieved through multiple processes,including adsorption and precipitation. In conclusion,FMBO could be an effective stabilization agent to remediate arsenic and heavy metal contaminated soils.

关 键 词：铁锰双金属材料 稳定化 砷 重金属 复合污染土壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]