宋代水上信仰的神灵体系及其新变  

The System of Deities in Aquatic Settings and its Changes in the Song Dynasty

作　　者：黄纯艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学历史与档案学院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《史学集刊》2016年第6期11-24,共14页Collected Papers of History Studies

摘　　要：宋代是水上航行大发展的时代,水上航行中的神灵信仰体系进一步完善,并出现若干新变。宋代水上神灵形成了从四海四渎神到川泽风雨神的层次高低,正祀、淫祀、中间地带神灵的正式与非正式划分,以及本庙与行祠等构成的交错复杂的神灵体系。宋代原有水上神灵信仰出现了若干新变化,同时新创了若干航行所需的护航神灵信仰。宋代水上神灵信仰体系的完善及其新变化是宋代历史发展新特点的直接反映。The Song Dynasty witnessed the drastic development in waterway and maritime navigations, during which period the system of deity worshipping in navigational activities was further enhanced and underwent several changes. Water Gods in the Song Dynasty were divided into different levels from the superior gods of the four seas and the four rivers to the inferior gods of streams, marshes, wind and rain. The water deity worshipping rituals were also categorized into the formal national rituals, and informal ones, and those rites that ranked in between. A complicated and entangled deity system of main temples and the temples that branched off into other regions was also formed. The original water god worshipping in the Song Dynasty evolved several new changes, and generated numerous new beliefs in guardian gods necessary for navigations. The boost in water gods belief system and its changes directly reflected the new characteristics of historical development in the Song Dynasty.

关 键 词：宋代 水上信仰 神灵体系 新变 

分 类 号：B933[哲学宗教—宗教学] K244[历史地理—历史学]