新常态下中美综合经济实力对比--基于国内生产总值的分析  

Comprehensive Economic Power Comparison between China and the United States on the Basis of Analysis of GDP in the Phase of China's New Normal

作　　者：王孜弘[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院美国研究所 [2]中国美国经济学会

出　　处：《美国研究》2016年第5期31-49,共19页The Chinese Journal of American Studies

摘　　要：中国国内生产总值持续数十年的高增长率、对美国国内生产总值百分点差的缩小以及中国成为世界第二大经济体的现实,证明了中国的崛起与经济规模的庞大。然而同样的数据也表明,同中国改革开放之初相比,中美间国内生产总值的差距不仅没有缩小,反而有所扩大。除了改革开放本身是个渐进漫长的过程等影响因素外,人口结构与生产及消费模式使国内生产总值难以充分体现中国的建设成就,是影响中美间国内生产总值差距变化的重要原因。这意味着在以国内生产总值为指标进行中美经济实力对比时,对中国的经济成就是有所低估的。所谓"新常态"在中国和西方有不同的含意。中国经济新常态下进行的结构调整过程中出现的国内生产总值增长率下降并不意味着中国综合经济实力的增速放缓了。中国要改变中美经济力量的对比,更重要的是通过结构调整来提高自身在国际分工产业链中的地位,而非追求国内生产总值的排名与赶超。By seeing China's high rate of GDP growth in decades,the decreasing percentage gap with the U.S. in terms of GDP and the emergence of China as the second largest GDP entity,it seems that China is rising with a large scale of its economy. However,by comparing with the data in China's early years of opening,the GDP gap today between China and the U. S. has become wider rather than narrower. One of the factors that affects the GDP gap is that GDP as a comprehensive statistical index cannot fully demonstrate the economic achievements with changes in demographic structure and in patterns of production and consumption. That means that GDP-based economy comparison between China and the United States undervalues China's economic progress. Under the situation of China's economic new normal,the lower GDP growth rate in the course of restructuring China's economy does not mean a lower growth speed of its comprehensive economic strength.

关 键 词：美国经济 中美经济实力对比 国内生产总值 增长率 增值速 值差 新常态 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济] F171.2