日本科技创新政策形成机制的制度安排  

The Mechanism of Japan's Sci-tech Innovation Policy

作　　者：平力群[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津社会科学院日本研究所

出　　处：《日本学刊》2016年第5期106-127,共22页Japanese Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"国家创新系统支撑下日本发展新兴产业制度安排研究"(编号:13BGJ010);"出口解禁对日本军工产业影响研究"(编号:16BGJ048)

摘　　要：科技创新政策形成机制与技术经济范式的契合度是影响科技创新政策效果的要素之一。技术经济范式的调整与转换,导致日本传统的以"分割的多元官僚制"为制度基础的"官僚主导"的"自下而上"科技创新政策形成机制的绩效逆转。为适应新变化,保持制度优势,降低改革成本,日本政府推动科技政策中央咨询决策机构从"科学技术会议"到"综合科学技术会议"再到"综合科学技术创新会议"的演变,增强其作为指挥部的职能,构建"内阁主导"的"自上而下"政策形成机制,实现与原有政策形成机制的对接与融合,弥补决策分散、缺乏协调性等不足。"综合科学技术创新会议"的诞生,标志着日本科学技术政策与创新政策一体化推进体制的实现。The integration of the sci - tech policy mechanism and the technical economy paradigm is a major factor determining the effect of the sci - tech innovation policy. The adjustment and transformation of Japan＇ s technical economy paradigm lead to the reverse of the effect of Japan＇ s sci - tech policy mechanism, which is featured with the innovation from bottom to top under the divided, multi - level bureaucratic leadership. In order to adapt to the adjustment of the technical economy paradigm, Japanese government builds the dominance of the cabinet and reconstructs a new ＂from top to bottom＂ innovation mechanism by strengthening the function of the advisory and decision - making body, guaranteeing the integration of the old and new mechanisms and the centralization and coordination in the decision - making process. The founding of Japan＇ s ＂Council for Science, Technology and Innovation＂ marks the building of a policy system of Japan ＇ s sci - tech policy and innovation mechanism.

关 键 词：科技创新政策形成机制 中央咨询决策机构 分割的多元官僚制 体制改革 非均衡演化 

分 类 号：G323.13[文化科学]