薄荷醇在墓葬壁画抢救性揭取上的应用研究  

A Study on the Use of Menthol in the Emergency Removal of Tomb Murals

作　　者：韩向娜[1,2] 张秉坚[1] 罗宏杰[3] 黄晓[4] 苏伯民[5] HAN Xiangna ZHANG Bingjian LUO Hongjie HUANG Xiao SU Bomin(Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027 Institute of Cultural Heritage and History of Science ＆ Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444 Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 Conservation Institute, Dunhuang Academy, Dunhuang, Gansu 736200)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学系,浙江杭州310027 [2]北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院,北京100083 [3]上海大学,上海200444 [4]中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,上海200050 [5]敦煌研究院保护研究所,甘肃敦煌736200

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2016年第5期142-149,共8页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：国家973课题"已用典型保护材料与工艺的功能及失效规律"(2012CB720902);"有机/无机保护材料的设计与功能实现"(2012CB720904);国家博士后基金"薄荷醇作为考古发掘现场抢救性保护材料的系统研究"(2014M561748)

摘　　要：薄荷醇是一种天然产物,在食品、日化和药物产业方面均有广泛的应用。利用薄荷醇在室温下能够自然挥发的特性,本文提出将其作为新型的墓葬壁画揭取材料用于考古发掘现场出土的墓葬壁画抢救性保护。在实验室对利用薄荷醇揭取壁画的可行性进行了系统研究,结果表明:薄荷醇能够满足壁画揭取的需求,在高于其熔点20—40℃的温度下施工具有最好的揭取效果,多次涂刷能够达到最佳的加固效果。使用薄荷醇对西安市一处唐墓壁画进行了现场壁画揭取试验,结果显示薄荷醇是一种有效的墓葬壁画揭取材料。An important natural compound extracted from plants, menthol has been widely used in the food,cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. By taking advantage of its ability to volatilize at room temperature, this compound has been proposed as a new material useful for removing ancient tomb murals for better on-site conservation. This paper presents a feasibility study of menthol for this purpose under systematic laboratory conditions, concluding that menthol indeed meets the requirements of mural conservation work. Menthol＇s best operational temperature is about 20-40 ℃ higher than its melting point and the duplicative treatment of melted menthol shows the best consolidation efficacy. Finally, a field test was successfully carried out in a Tang dynasty tomb in Xi＇an, which further proved that menthol is an effective material for separating the murals from the walls.

关 键 词：薄荷醇 壁画揭取 临时固型 可控去除 

分 类 号：TQ233.33[化学工程—有机化工] K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]