全国18个省市63家医疗机构药品短缺的调查分析及应对思考  

Analysis of the investigation and responses to drug shortage in 63 medical institutions of 18 provinces and cities

作　　者：陈慧[1] 刘河[1] 安卓玲[1] 崔向丽[1] 苏晔[1] 张东肃 刘丽宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院药事部,北京100010

出　　处：《药学服务与研究》2016年第5期331-334,共4页Pharmaceutical Care and Research

摘　　要：目的:分析医疗机构药品短缺原因,探讨应对策略。方法:对我国18个省市63家医疗机构的药师和医护人员进行"药品供应"问卷调查,利用Excel对数据进行统计分析。结果和结论:共收回调查问卷2014份,97.12%的医护人员认为目前的药品供应能满足需求。导致药品短缺的外部原因依次为药品限量销售(14.81%)、配送商不到位(10.33%)、政策原因(10.22%)等。医疗机构内部原因依次为部门沟通欠缺(12.06%)、信息化不匹配(7.33%)、药品目录限制(6.46%)等。外因所致的短缺累积频次明显高于内因(46%vs 33%)。医疗机构可依据美国卫生系统药师协会《药品短缺管理指南》规范各自的短缺管理,提高药品短缺的应对能力。也建议我国借鉴国外监管措施的先进经验,在药品定价、孤儿药激励等方面出台相关措施,防范药品短缺。Objective： To analyze the reasons of drug shortage in medical institutions and to discuss countermeasures. Methods： A questionnaire survey on the drug supply was made among hospital pharmacists and medical personnel in 63 medical facilities of 18 provinces and cities. The data obtained from the survey were collected and analyzed with Excel. Results and Con- clusion： Totally, 2014 copies of questionnaire were retrieved, and 97.12~ of the people surveyed held that the present drug supply could meet the requirements of the hospitals. The external causes of drug shortage were in sequence of order： drug sale restrictions （14, 81~）, delayed supply by distributors （10.33%） and policy reasons （10.22~）. The internal causes were in sequence of order： inadequate communication between branches （ 12. 06~）, inefficient relay of information （7. 33~） and restricted drug catalogues （6. 460/00）. The cumulative frequency of drug shortage caused by external causes was significantly higher than that induced by internal causes （46 % vs 33 %）. The medical facilities could manage the drug shortage in accordance with ＂the Drug Shortage Management Guidelines＂ issued by the American Society o（ Health-System Pharmacists, so as to improve their capacity to cope with drug shortage. It is also suggested that we could draw lessons from the advanced foreign experience concerning drug management and control, and at the same time, relevant policies and measures with aspects to drug pricing, orphan drug encouragement, etc. should be introduced to prevent potential drug shortage.

关 键 词：药品短缺 药品供应 美国医院药师协会 指南 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]