‘夏黑’葡萄果实质量分级评价及质量标准研究  

Resarech on grading evaluation about fruit quality of‘Summer Black'grape

作　　者：程大伟[1] 陈锦永[1] 顾红[1] 张威远[1] 张洋[1] 郭西智 靳路真 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所.中国农业科学院果树生长发育与品质控制重点开放实验室,郑州450009

出　　处：《果树学报》2016年第11期1396-1404,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：郑州市现代农业科技创新工程项目(131PZDGC113);郑州市水果(葡萄;草莓等)产业体系;河南省大宗水果产业体系(S2014-11)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨‘夏黑’葡萄在不同穗质量和粒质量级别下果实质量差异,制定‘夏黑’葡萄果实质量等级标准,为生产优质‘夏黑’葡萄提供理论依据。【方法】以河南省不同地区‘夏黑’葡萄为试材,测定穗质量、粒质量、可溶性固形物含量、总酸含量、单宁、着色指数等果实性状指标,通过主成分分析、聚类分析,对果实质量进行综合评价和分级。【结果】‘夏黑’葡萄的可溶性固形物含量、固酸比和着色指数与穗质量呈极显著负相关,总酸含量与穗质量呈正相关,果实质量随穗质量增大而降低。分别将不同穗质量级别和粒质量级别按果实质量分为4类和3类,穗质量≤400 g品质最优但产量低,400-500 g最理想,500-900 g中等,900 g以上最差。粒质量介于6-7 g质量最优,7-9 g及5-6 g中等,〈5 g或〉9 g最差。【结论】在‘夏黑’葡萄生产中,穗质量为400-800 g、粒质量为5-9 g时,果实质量较好。初步制定了河南省‘夏黑’葡萄果实质量等级标准,为生产优质‘夏黑’葡萄,增加市场竞争力和经济效益提供了参考依据。[ Objective ] The planting area of ＇Summer Black＇ grape have increased year by year. However, owing to the high yield cultivation, improper use of plant growth regulator and management differences, the quality standard of fruits varies with fruit characters such as bunch size, fruit size, fruit color, flavor quality, and so on, leading to poor fruit quality and the sales difficulty and restriction of further develop- ment. In addition, there is no national standard and agriculture industry standar about fruit quality grades of ＇ Summer Black＇ grape in China. Therefore, it is high time for us to carry out the research on grade eval- uation of the fruit quality, exploring the discrepancy Of fruit quality and formulating fruit quality grade standard of ＇Summer Black＇ grape. [ Methods ] The fruits of ＇Summer Black＇ grape produced in Henan were used as experimental materials. The grape bunches were divided into nine different levels according to the bunch weights, which were ≤400 g, 400-500 g, 500-600 g, 600-700 g, 700-800 g, 800-900 g, 900-1 000 g, 1 000-1 100 g and ≥1 100 g. The berries were divided into eight different levels according to the single berry weight, which were ≤ g, 4-5 g, 5-6 g, 6-7 g, 7-8 g, 8-9 g, 9-10 g and ≥10 g. Several fruit characters were measured, including bunch weight, berry weight, soluble solid content, total acid, tannin content, color index. The fruit quality was comprehensively evaluated and classified by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. [ Results ]Fruit characters at different bunch weight levels were different. When the bunch weights of ＇Summer Black＇ ranged tion was 32.49%. While the berry weights ranged from 286.4 g to 1 260.6 g, the coefficient variafrom 5.68 g to 11.1 g, the coefficient variation was 19.8%. The coefficient variations of ratioes of SSC to acid and tannin content were all higher than 16%. The coefficient variation of total acid content, soluble solid content and color index were all higher than 10%. The soluble solid co

关 键 词：'夏黑’葡萄 分级 质量评价 等级标准 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]