长春市某大学一起非典型麻疹暴发调查  

Investigation on an outbreak of measles at a university of Changchun, Jilin province

作　　者：郭立春[1,2] 周剑惠[3] 陈超[3] 田鑫[3] 程涛[3] 曹凤瑞[3] 付思美[3] 林琳[3] 邓立权[3] 刘慧慧[2] 来学惠[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津市西青区疾病预防控制中心,天津300380 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心现场流行病学培训项目,北京100050 [3]吉林省疾病预防控制中心,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2016年第10期1339-1341,共3页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查2014年长春市某大学一起麻疹暴发原因。方法采用统一调查表,对所有疑似病例进行调查,并采集其血液和咽拭子标本进行实验室检测,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果共搜索到28例疑似麻疹病例,其中确诊19例,症状不典型比例为94.74%,学校罹患率为0.15%;麻疹PCR病毒核酸检测阳性率为67.86%,麻疹Ig M血清学检测阳性率为3.57%;全校麻疹评估接种率约为80%,有免疫史人群中,续发率为29%。结论本起疫情是由麻疹典型病例引起的不典型麻疹暴发,病原学检测可提高早期诊断率;建议全国范围内,对新入学大学新生接种1剂麻疹疫苗,以加速麻疹消除进程。Objective To investigate the cause of measles outbreak and risk factors of infection in order to provide evidence of controlling measures. Methods All of the suspected measles cases were investigated by unified questionnaires , and the serum and pharyngeal swab samples were tested. The distribution of cases was described by descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 28 suspected measles cases were screened, including 19 confirmed case. The proportion of atypical symptoms was 94.74%. The measles attack rate of the university was 0.15%. The viral nucleic acid positive rate of the cases of measles screened by RT-PCR was 67.86%, and the IgM serologically positive rate was 3.57%. The vaccination rate was about 80%, was and the unprotect rate was 29%. Conclusion This was an atypical measles outbreak caused by the typical cases of measles. For atypical measles cases, etiology test can improve the early diagnosis rate; inoculate measles vaccine again for new students in the country may be able to accelerate the process of eliminating measles.

关 键 词：麻疹 暴发 流行病学 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]