农商社会视野下的南宋经济再评价  

Reassessment of the Southern Song's economy in the perspective of agro-commercial society

作　　者：葛金芳 

出　　处：《国际社会科学杂志（中文版）》2016年第3期69-87,6,共20页International Social Science Journal（Chinese Edition）

摘　　要：本文以农商社会为视角,对南宋经济的实力、活力与潜力作一探讨。作者认为南宋时期我国从中古农业社会跨入近世农商社会阶段,南宋时期农商并重结构主要体现在以下五个方面:一是商品性农业的成长导致农村传统经济结构发生显著变化;二是江南市镇兴起、市镇网络形成,城市化进程以市镇为据点不断加速;三是早期工业化进程开始启动,经济成长方式从传统的"广泛型成长"向"斯密型成长"转变;四是区域贸易、区间贸易和国际贸易扩展,市场容量增大,经济开放度提高,一些发达地区由封闭向开放转变;五是纸币、商业信用、包买商和雇佣劳动等带有近代色彩的新经济因素已然出现并有所成长。The article tries to deal with the strength,vitality and potential of the Southern Song's economy in the perspective of agro-commercial society. The author argues that China had stepped into the phase of pre-modern agro-commercial society from a medieval agricultural society in the dynasty. The structure laying equal stress on both agriculture and commerce are mainly reflected in: 1)growth of commodity agriculture resulted in remarkable changes of the traditional structure of economy in the rural areas; 2) the cities and towns emerged in the areas down to the Yangtze, networks of cities and towns came into existence, and the urbanization aroundthem accelerated; 3) earlier industrialisation was triggered and the economic growth was turned from the traditional'general growth'to the 'Smithian growth'; 4) expansion of in-regional, inter-regional and foreign trades,increasing market scale, more openness of the economy, and the turn from closure to openness in some developed areas; 5) new economic elements with modern colour, such as paper money, credit, forfeiter and employed labour had emerged and grown to a certain extent.

关 键 词：传统经济结构 南宋时期 社会视野 成长方式 经济开放度 评价 江南市镇 区域贸易 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济]