黄帝出生地、建都地、安葬地考辨  

Research on Emperor Huang's Birthplace,Land of the Capital and Burial Site

作　　者：卫绍生[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省社会科学院文学研究所

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2016年第6期112-117,共6页The Central Plains Culture Research

摘　　要：在黄帝的出生地、建都地和安葬地问题上,自古以来众说纷纭,歧见迭出。关于黄帝的出生地,影响较大的有姬水说、有熊说和寿丘说,魏晋南北朝时期亦有轩辕谷说和轩辕丘说。其中前三说和中原的联系甚为密切,就此而论,黄帝的出生地在中原地区的可能性很大。黄帝的建都地,主要有有熊说、涿鹿说等。黄帝时期是部落氏族社会,没有真正意义上的国都,其"迁徙来往无常处,以师兵为营卫"是常态。后世所谓黄帝之都,实际是其曾经居住的地方。黄帝活动的主要区域在黄河中下游地区,以此推断,黄帝建都于中原、主要活动地在中原应无异议。黄帝的安葬地,有桥山说、长沙说、平谷说、荆山说等,但由于历史久远,陵谷巨变,各地现存的黄帝陵或黄帝冢,多是后人为寄托对黄帝的敬仰和追思之情而设立,主要是供祭拜黄帝之用,属于黄帝真实葬地的可能性不大。For a long time,there are different opinions about the fact where is Emperor Huang's homeplace,land of the capital and burial site.On his birthplace,there are three influential arguments that River Ji,Youxiong and Shouqiu.In addition to this,during the Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties some people thought that he was born in Xuanyuan Gu or Xuanyuan Qiu.The first three doctrines are closely linked with the Central Plains region.In this connection,it is likely true that he was born in the Central Plains region.About the his capital,there are two mainarguments that Youxiong and Zhuolu.Emperor Huang period was the tribal clan society,there was no real capital of the country.According to literature,Migration was unfixed,army camps were also residence.Nowadays,we say his capital,actually we just mean the region where he had lived.The main area of his activity was in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,so we can approve that he had built his country's capital in Central Plains.On his burial area,there basically were the following several kinds of views that Qiaoshan,Changsha,Pinggu or Jingshan.But due to a long history,great changes have taken place in mountains,his mausoleums or tombs which are allover the place mostly have been built by his descendants to worship their ancestor.From this point of view,these so-called Emperor Huang's mausoleums cannot be his real burial site.

关 键 词：黄帝 出生地 建都地 安葬地 考辨 

分 类 号：K20[历史地理—历史学]