芜湖市城区学龄前儿童过敏性疾病的现况调查  

Current status of anaphylactic diseases among preschool children in urban area,Wuhu

作　　者：张安慧[1] 王幼玲[1] 赵洋[1] 牛琦娟 徐梦娟 樊琴 

机构地区：[1]芜湖市疾病预防控制中心信息管理科,安徽芜湖241000 [2]芜湖市弋江区妇幼保健站,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第21期3896-3898,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 调查芜湖市城区3-6岁儿童过敏性疾病的发病状况及影响因素,为儿童过敏性疾病的预防提供依据。方法 整群抽取芜湖市9所幼儿园的1 912名儿童,使用问卷调查收集学龄前儿童既往确诊的过敏性疾病情况,分析其影响因素。结果 学龄前儿童过敏性疾病总患病率为40.8%,男童过敏性疾病总患病率（57.1%）显著高于女童总患病率（42.9%）,（P〈0.05）,不同年龄组别过敏性总患病率无显著差异;学龄前儿童发生的过敏性疾病症状发生率最高的是湿疹（32.5%）,依次为过敏性鼻炎（7.8%）、食物过敏（6.4%）、哮喘（4.1%）、过敏性结膜炎（2.2%）;男童过敏性疾病患病率高于女童患病率,剖宫产儿童过敏性疾病患病率高于阴道分娩的儿童,而母乳喂养、饮食习惯等不同儿童的过敏性疾病患病率无明显差异。结论 芜湖市学龄前儿童过敏性疾病患病率较高,已成为儿童严重的公共卫生问题,应当引起高度重视。Objective To investigate the prevalence and influential factors of anaphylactic diseases among preschool children aged between 3 - 6 years old in Wuhu,to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of anaphylactic diseases among preschool Children. Methods 1912 preschool children were recruited from 9 kindergartens by clustering sampling. The questionnaire was used to collect information of their previous diagnosed anaphylactic diseases, and then the influential factors were analyzed. Results The total prevalence rate of anaphylactic diseases among preschool children was 40. 8%. The prevalence of anaphylactic diseases among male students （57.1%） was higher than that among female students （42.9%） and the significant difference was P 〈 0.05. The prevalence among different age groups was not significantly different. The highest morbidity of anaphylactic disease was rash （ 32.5% ）, followed by anaphylactic rhinitis （ 7.8% ）, food allergy （ 6.4% ）, asthma （ 4.1% ） and anaphylactic epipephysitis （2.2%）. The prevalence of allergic diseases in boy group was higher than that in a girl group. The prevalence among cesarean children was higher than vaginal spontaneous labor. The prevalence was not significantly different in different feeding patterns and dietary habits. Conclusion The prevalence of anaphylactic diseases among preschool children in Wuhu is pretty high. It has become a serious public health problem for children. More attention should be paid.

关 键 词：过敏性疾病 儿童 学龄前 调查 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]