我国学前教育发展不均衡问题的成因和解决路径  

Causes and Solutions of the Regional Imbalance of Preschool Education Development

作　　者：冯文全[1] 徐松妮 高静[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学教育学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第6期75-84,共10页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题"中国传统蒙学的德育思想研究"(BEA150074);项目负责人:冯文全

摘　　要：改革开放以来我国学前教育事业得到了长足的发展,但是由于各种复杂的原因,我国各地区间学前教育的发展水平出现了极其不平衡的状况。其中主要的原因包括:省际经济发展的不平衡,各地在教育问题上的传统习惯和认识不同,地方政府对学前教育的政策规划的具体性和前瞻性差异,各省区地理气候温度降水等生态环境条件的影响等。学前教育发展不均衡的问题会衍生出各地学童受教育机会不均等的社会公平问题,必须引起各级政府的高度重视,并采取行之有效的措施加以解决。政府和社会要高度重视全国各地学前教育事业的全面协调发展,国家要统一制定在全国范围内统一执行的学前教育规范标准,在东部沿海地区的落后区县试点免费学前教育,逐步免除全国各大师范院校教育类专业学费,加大政府财政投入支持我国中西部地区的学前教育发展等不失为可行的路径选择。Since the beginning of the Reform and Opening up,there has been considerable development in China's preschool education.But due to a variety of complex reasons,the level of development of preschool education across regions is unbalanced.Major causes include unbalanced economic development in different provinces,different traditions and understanding on educational issues in different regions,difference of local government's policy in terms of concreteness and prospectiveness and different climate regimes and topography gaps as well as ecological conditions in different regions.The problem of uneven development of pre-school education in different regions brings about unequal access to education,which is a issue of social equity.So governments at all levels must attach great importance to that issue and take effective measures to solve it effectively.A series of recommendations are given to solve the problem,including paying more attention to comprehensive and coordinated development of preschool education throughout the country;implementation of national unity to develop nationwide unified preschool standards;free preschool pilot programs in the eastern coastal areas;implementing tuition waiver in early childhood education institutions and increase government financial input to support the development of pre-school education in central and western regions of China.

关 键 词：学前教育 发展水平 均衡发展 省际差距 教育公平 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学]