长沙地区3000例变应性鼻炎变应原皮试结果分析  

Analysis on allergen skin test results from 3000 cases of allergic rhinitis in Changsha region

作　　者：贺丹[1] 张俊杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学附属长沙市第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉颅底外科杂志》2016年第5期400-402,共3页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-skull Base Surgery

摘　　要：目的了解长沙地区变应性鼻炎变应原皮试结果,为变应性鼻炎患者的预防及诊治提供参考。方法随机选择诊治的变应性鼻炎患者3 000例,采用标准测量方法用点刺原液进行变应原测试,分析其结果,并探讨阳性病例在性别方面的多项差异性。结果 3 000例变应性鼻炎患者中,阳性者2 631例,阳性率87.70%。其中粉尘螨阳性者2 463例,阳性率82.10%;屋尘螨阳性者2 235例,阳性率74.50%;蟑螂阳性者1 250例,阳性率42%。其中粉尘螨(+)351例,(++++)932例;屋尘螨(+)250例,(++++)837例;蟑螂(+)1 003例,(++++)39例。其中女性患者1 500例,阳性1 269例,阳性率84.60%;300例单一阳性变应原中,蟑螂131例,尘螨120例。男性患者1 500例,阳性1362例,阳性率90.08%;300例单一阳性变应原中,蟑螂162例,尘螨126例。结论点刺原液检出9种变应原阳性结果主要是粉尘螨和屋尘螨,蟑螂与变应性鼻炎的关系仅次之;3种主要变应原中阳性强度最高的主要是粉尘螨和屋尘螨;女性患者阳性率较男性低,另单一阳性变应原中,女性对尘螨阳性率最高,男性对蟑螂阳性率最高。Objective To understand the allergen skin test results of allergic rhinitis in Changsha area, and to provide a reference for prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis. Methods 3000 patients of allergic rhinitis were randomly selected. A standard measurement method was adopted to perform allergen prick test with basic allergen liquid. The results were analyzed, and the differences in terms of gender, allergens in the positive cases were explored. Results Of the 3000 patients, skin prick test showed positive in 2631 with a total positive rate of 87.70%. The positive cases of dermatophagoides farinae, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and cockroach were 2463, 2235 and 1250, with positive rates of 82.10%, 74.50% and 42% , respectively. The skin prick test of dermatophagoides farinae showed weak positive （ ＋ ） in 351, and strong positive （ ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ ） in 932. Those of dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and cockroach were 250 and 837, 1003 and 39 respectively. Of the 1500 female patients, 1269 showed positive skin prick test with a positive rate of 84.60%, and 300 cases showed single positive allergens, including cockroach in 131 and dust mites in 120. As for the 1500 male patients, 1362 showed positive skin prick test with a positive rate of 90.08%, and 300 cases showed single positive allergens, including cockroach in 162 and dust mites in 126 cases. Conclusion Skin prick tests with 9 basic allergen liquids demonstrate major allergens of dermatophagoides farinae, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, closely followed by cockroach. Dermatophagoides farinae and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus show the highest positive strength among the three major allergens. The positive rate of female is lower than that of male. As for the single positive allergen, females have highest positive rate of dust mites and males have that of cockroach.

关 键 词：变应性鼻炎 变应原 皮肤试验 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]