青海黄河沿岸土壤盐分特征及影响因素研究  

Research on Salinity Properties of Soil and Influencing Factors Along Yellow River Valley in Qinghai

作　　者：董莉丽[1] 郭玲霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]咸阳师范学院资源环境学院,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《土壤通报》2016年第4期882-888,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：陕西省教育厅重点科研计划项目(16JZ089);陕西省普通高等学校优势学科建设项目(0602)资助

摘　　要：应用常规统计学方法和典范对应分析方法,研究青海黄河沿岸不同程度盐渍化土壤各属性特征及其数量关系,探讨了土壤属性与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明:非农地土壤属中度、重度盐渍化土壤和盐土;随盐渍化程度增强,土壤阳离子从镁钙盐型转变为钠盐型;土壤阴离子从硫酸盐型转变为氯化物型;除Ca^(2+)与Cl^-、K^+相关性不显著外,其他各离子浓度之间显著正相关;有机质与pH值显著负相关;电导率与各离子浓度极显著正相关,与总盐浓度的相关性高达0.91;土壤各粒级含量及分形维数与各离子浓度、电导率、总盐浓度之间相关性不显著。土地利用类型能够很好地指示土壤盐渍化水平,盐渍化程度同时受微地形影响。土壤盐碱化与沙化是两个相关的土壤退化过程。Attribute features and their quantitative relation of soils were analyzed and the relationships between soil properties and environmental factors were discussed using the methods of common statistics and canonical correspondence analysis. Soil samples were collected from sites with different degree of salinization along Yellow River Valley in Qinghai. Results showed soils from non-agricultural lands were moderate-salinized, sever-salinized and salinized. Cation components varied from calcium and magnesium to sodium and anion from sulfate to chloride with the increase of degree of salinity. Correlations among several ions concentration were significantly positive except that the correlations between Ca2＋ and Cl-, K＋ were insignificant. Soil organic matter and pH was significantly and negatively correlated. Electric conductivity and each ion concentration were positively correlated at high level of significance and correlation coefficient between electric conductivity and total salt concentration was up to 0.91. The content of soil clay, silt, and sand and the fractal dimension were not significantly correlated with several ion concentration, electric conductivity and total salt content. Land types can indicate the levels of soil salinization, and was affected simultaneously by micro-terrain. Soil salinization and desertification are two related soil degradation processes.

关 键 词：土壤盐分 离子含量 典范对应分析 寺沟峡 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]