关于水稻旱育秧技术中土壤调酸的副作用及补救措施的研究  

Side- effect of soil acidity regulation in dry rice nursery and remedial measures

作　　者：张娟[1,2] 刘传玉[1,2] 张广鑫[1] 黎庆[1,2] 宋继富[2] 岳欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院高技术研究院,哈尔滨150020 [2]黑龙江省科学院石油化学研究院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《黑龙江科学》2016年第20期7-9,共3页Heilongjiang Science

摘　　要：从1983年开始,我省在水稻种植领域全面推广旱育秧(旱育稀植)技术。旱育秧的核心技术之一是床土调酸,床土调酸的目的是,创造酸性的土壤环境,抑制立枯病菌的活动。经5年的潜心研究和反复试验,我们发现了旱育秧床土调酸带来的要害副作用,筛选出了最佳补救措施。研究表明,旱育秧床土调酸后使床土有效硅降为零。水稻是典型的喜硅作物,水稻从苗期就进入吸硅高峰期,而苗床调酸后,使苗床中无有效硅可吸收。缺硅导致弱苗,使立枯病、青枯病等疫情多发。研究表明,苗期喷施液体硅肥,稻苗快速补硅,是旱育秧床土调酸副作用的最佳补救措施。本项研究成功,完善了旱育秧配套技术,将对我国农业生产带来重大的经济效益和社会效益。Since 1983,Heilongjiang has promoted comprehensively the dry rice nursery technology in the field of rice planting. One of the core technologies of the dry rice nursery is soil acidity regulation,and its purpose is to create acid soil environment and restrain the activity of the pathogen. After five years of painstaking research and repeated tests,we found adverse effects of soil acidity regulation of dry rice nursery,and selected the best remedial measures. The results showed that the effective silicon was reduced to zero after dry rice nursery acidity regulation soil. Rice is a typical silicon crop,rice has entered to the peak period of silicon absorption. Lack of silicon will lead to disease of weak seedlings.The results showed that the application of liquid silicon fertilizer at seedling stage is the best remedial measure for the side effect of acidity regulation. This research improves the supporting technology of dry rice nursery,and brings significant economic and social benefits for agricultural production.

关 键 词：水稻 旱育秧 床土调酸 副作用 措施 

分 类 号：S435.111[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]