盐土和非盐土施氮对多花黑麦草增产改质效果差异的比较  

Comparison of the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and feeding quality of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in saline and non-saline soil

作　　者：许能祥[1] 董臣飞[1] 丁成龙[1] 程云辉[1] 张文洁[1] 顾洪如[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《草业学报》2016年第11期115-123,共9页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303061);国家牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS-35-31)资助

摘　　要：本研究对盐土和非盐土种植多花黑麦草进行氮肥施用试验,研究施氮对不同土壤条件下多花黑麦草产量及饲用品质的影响,为提高氮肥利用效率、有效改善牧草产量品质提供依据。试验分别在江苏大丰金海农场和南京六合江苏省农业科学院试验基地进行,设置N0(对照)、N1(氮用量100kg/hm^2)、N2(氮用量150kg/hm^2)和N3(氮用量200kg/hm^2)4个处理,分别在多花黑麦草拔节期和初穗期进行刈割,测定牧草产量和饲用品质。结果表明在盐土和非盐土施用氮肥对多花黑麦草饲草品质和产量的影响存在显著差异:非盐土条件下不同施氮处理的多花黑麦草产量和饲用品质均高于盐土,其中干物质体外消化率(IVDMD),粗蛋白(CP)和非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量非盐土条件下高于盐土,且第1茬高于第2茬;CP含量随着施氮量的上升而升高,而NSC含量随着施氮量的上升而下降;作为NSC主要组分的淀粉在盐土条件下的含量高于非盐土;施氮组的IVDMD高于对照,但不同施氮量间差异不显著;中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量盐土条件下高于非盐土,第2茬高于第1茬;盐土不同茬次、不同施氮处理的干物质含量(DM)均显著高于非盐土,且第2茬高于第1茬,并随着施氮量的增加而下降;非盐土条件下的牧草产量高于盐土,且第2茬高于第1茬,随着施氮量的上升而升高,N2处理组,即氮素施用量150kg/hm^2的产量最高;但在盐土上施氮,多花黑麦草的产量增加幅度高于非盐土。This study investigated the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the forage yield and quality of Italian ryegrass（Lolium multiflorum）in saline soil and non-saline soil conditions.The experiment was carried out at Jinhai Farm,Liuhe Experiment Station,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province.Nitrogen fertilizer treatments were;N_0（Control）,N_1（100kg/ha）,N_2（150kg/ha）and N_3（200kg/ha）.Pasture was sampled at the stem elongation（first cut）and heading stages（second cut）and assessed for yield and quality related straits.The results indicated that the effects of nitrogen on grass yield and forage quality in saline soil and non-saline soil were different;yield and quality of Italian ryegrass in non-saline soil were better than those in saline soil.In vitro dry matter digestibility（IVDMD）,crude protein（CP）and nonstructural carbohydrates（NSC）content of Italian ryegrass in non-saline soil were higher than those in saline soil,and higher from the first cut than the second cut.The CP content increased with increasing nitrogen application while NSC content decreased with increasing nitrogen.Starch content from saline soil was higher than non-saline soil.The IVDMD of nitrogen treatments was higher than that of the control but there were no differences between nitrogen treatments.The neutral detergent fiber（NDF）content of Italian ryegrass in saline soil was higher than that in non-saline soil and higher in the second cut than the first.Dry matter（DM）of Italian ryegrass in saline soil was significantly higher than that in non-saline soil,and that of the second cut higher than the first.The forage yield in non-saline soil was higher than that of saline soil,and that of the second cut higher than the firs.Grass yield increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer but yield responses to nitrogen were in saline soil were higher than that in non-saline soil.

关 键 词：多花黑麦草 施氮 饲草产量 饲用品质 盐土 非盐土 

分 类 号：S543.6[农业科学—作物学]