风突变效应对风力机振动特性影响研究  

Effects of wind gust on a wind turbine's vibration characteristics

作　　者：丁勤卫 李春[1,2] 叶舟[1,2] 阚威[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093 [2]上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室,上海200093

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2016年第21期47-52,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(E51176129);上海市教育委员会科研创新(重点)(13ZZ120;13YZ066);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(博导)(20123120110008);上海市科委项目资助(13DZ2260900)

摘　　要：风是影响风力机气动特性和结构特性的最直接的因素,风速突变将诱发风力机更强的气动载荷。为分析风力机在高突变湍流风作用下结构动力学振动特性,以NREL实测数据为湍流风数据源,并添加拟序结构刻画风速突变,以NREL Wind PACT 1.5 MW桩柱式风力机为样机,分别研究了风力机叶片和塔架的动力学响应。结果表明:添加拟序结构前后,轮毂点处风速分形维数均在1.5左右;拟序结构的添加使得基础湍流风具有更大的风突变以及更高的湍流强度;切出风速工况,风力机叶尖位移同时为挥舞和摆振;拟序结构的添加使得叶片和塔架振动加速度成倍增加。A wind turbine suffers from complex environmental conditions and wind is the most important and direct factor that can affect its aerodynamic and structural characteristics.Abrupt wind speed change may lead to higher aerodynamic loads.In order to analyze the structural dynamic characteristics of a wind turbine operating under the action of a strong turbulent wind,simulations were performed with a NREL WindPACT 1 .5 MW land-based wind turbine model to study dynamic responses of the wind turbine＇s blades and tower.The results slowed that before and after adding a coherent structure,fractal dimensions of wind speed at hub point are both around 1 .5;adding a coherent structure into a turbulent flow can cause a higher wind speed change and a stronger turbulent intensity,compared with the basic turbulent wind;when the wind achieves an ultimate speed,the wind turbine＇s blades have both in-plane and out-plane vibrations;turbulent wind with a coherent structure can make vibration accelerations of blades and tower foldincrease.

关 键 词：风力机 拟序结构 位移 振动 加速度 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]