TiO_2基光解水析氢非贵金属共催化剂的研究  

Noble-Metal-Free Co-Catalysts for TiO_2-Based Photocatalytic H_2-Evolution Half Reaction in Water Splitting

作　　者：张凌峰[1,2] 胡忠攀 刘歆颖 袁忠勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学材料科学与工程学院国家新材料研究院,天津300350 [2]Materials and Process Synthesis,University of South Africa,Florida Campus

出　　处：《化学进展》2016年第10期1474-1488,共15页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21573115);南非研究基金资助~~

摘　　要：利用太阳能光催化水解制氢是获得清洁、廉价、无污染的氢气最有前景的一种方式。这个过程主要包括三个步骤:太阳光的捕获,电荷分离与转移,催化质子还原产生氢气。其中,大量的研究工作主要集中在前两步,对于第三步的研究则相对较少。然而,共催化剂的引入可以有效促进光催化活性并提高氢气产生速率。共催化剂主要分为贵金属共催化剂和非贵金属共催化剂,其中,贵金属共催化剂有着较高的活性,但是其价格及来源限制了其实际应用,因此开发廉价高效的非贵金属共催化剂非常重要。本文对TiO_2基光解水析氢的非贵金属共催化剂(过渡金属单质及其复合物以及非金属碳基材料)进行了总结,详细讨论了不同共催化剂的作用机理,并对共催化剂的发展方向进行了合理展望。Photocatalytic water splitting technology based on TiO2 semiconductor is a promising strategy for clean, low-cost, and environmental friendly H2 production by utilizing solar energy. The whole process includes three crucial steps： solar light harvesting to excite electron from VB to CB of TiO2, charge separation and transportation, and the catalytic reduction of H^＋ to H2 evolution reaction. Many progresses are achieved on the first two steps, while much less researches are concentrated on the third step to improve catalytic activity with the utilization of the cocatalysts. Noble metal Pt as cocatalyst can obviously promote the H2-producing rate in TiO2 photocatalytic system. However, it has been restricted seriously due to its limited sources and high cost. Thus, developing cheap, earth-abundant, and high active noble-metal-free cocatalysts is very significant for high efficient photocatalytic water splitting. This review summarizes the research progress on noble-metal-free cocatalysts for TiO2-based H2-evolution half reaction, including transition metals, transition metal compounds, nanocarbon materials and nanocarbon-based composites. The role of different cocatalysts in catalytic performance improving, such as, content, structure, particle size, surface area, dispersity, synthesis method of the cocatalysts, and so on, was discussed in detail. And the challenges and perspectives of the research directions are also remarked.

关 键 词：TIO2 共催化剂 光解水 析氢半反应 太阳能 

分 类 号：O614.41[理学—无机化学] O643.36[理学—化学]