风载环境下隧道光纤光栅火灾探测器响应和报警特性  

Study of Response and Alarm Characteristics of Fiber Bragg Grating Fire Detector in Tunnel with Wind Load

作　　者：姜学鹏[1,2] 陈姝[1] 周健[3] JIANG Xuepeng CHEN Shu ZHOU Jian(School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, China College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 10（1022, China China Merchants Chongqing Communications Research ＆ Design Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400067, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430081 [2]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100022 [3]招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司,重庆400067

出　　处：《隧道建设》2016年第10期1202-1206,共5页Tunnel Construction

基　　金：国家山区公路工程技术研究中心开放基金(gsgzj-2012-03);湖北省自然科学基金计划面上项目(2015CFB200);湖北省教育厅科学研究计划重点项目(D20151207);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2013M540830);北京市博士后科研活动经费资助项目(2013ZZ-02)

摘　　要：为研究风载环境下的隧道线性感温光纤光栅火灾探测器的响应特点及响应阈值设定对报警结果的影响,以全尺寸隧道为实验平台,设计2种光纤光栅(FBG)火灾探测器的火灾实验场景,分析2种不同风载作用下报警阈值对报警响应时间的影响及风载对探测器响应速率的影响。实验结果显示:1)报警阈值从10°C/min减小到3°C/min时,低风速(0.4 m/s)下的报警响应时间缩短了24 s,而在高风速(5 m/s)情况下,报警响应时间仅缩短了4 s,表明在低风速情况下,FBG火灾探测器的响应更灵敏;2)风速对火灾烟气的扩散影响显著,位于下风向的光纤探测器响应速率明显高于上风向的光纤探测器响应速率,可由此作为推算烟气移动速度、到达位置及火灾时风载速度的一种方法。The fire testing actions with 2 kinds of fiber Bragg grating detectors are carried out in a full-scale tunnel testing platform; and then the influence of fire alarm thresholds under wind load on alarm response time and that of wind load on response velocity of fire detector are analyzed. The testing results show that： 1） The alarm time of fire detector is reduced by 24 s under low wind velocity of 0. 4 m / s; and the alarm time of fire detector is reduced by 4 s under high wind velocity of 5 m / s when the fire alarm threshold reduces from 10 ℃ / min to 3 ℃ / min. It is proved that the fiber Bragg grating detector under low wind velocity is more sensitive. 2） The influence of wind velocity on smoke diffusion is significant. The response velocity of the detector at downwind direction is much larger than that at upwind direction,according to which,the diffusing velocity and reaching place of smoke and wind load velocity when fire can be calculated.

关 键 词：光纤光栅 隧道火灾 隧道风载 温度响应特性 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]