美国日本以色列三国农业经营特点与土地产权管理  

Characteristics of Agricultural Operation and Land Property Right Management of USA,Japan and Israel

作　　者：李乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]东营市国土资源局土地综合整治服务中心,山东257091

出　　处：《国土资源情报》2016年第10期51-56,共6页Land and Resources Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41671519);国家自然科学青年基金项目(41501189)

摘　　要：本文对比美国、日本和以色列三个典型国家农业经营的特点发现,尊重农户意愿的农业组织形式有利于提高农业市场化发展,也有助于增加农业经营管理模式的灵活性和可操作性。农业作为低经济效益、高社会效益的产业类型必须依靠政府经济引导实现其发展的可持续性。在土地产权管理方面,不论土地私有制或土地公有制,适当实现土地产权的权能分离和城乡均等、减少政府直接干预是促进农业市场建设、产业联合、优化资源配置的关键所在。美国、日本和以色列农业经营的特点与演化对我国未来农业发展和城乡统筹具有很好的借鉴和指导意义。Through the comparison of agricultural operation in USA, Japan and Israel with different political, land rights and marketing backgrounds, it can be seen that respecting farmers＇ will can be contributive to the formation of market- ing agricultural organization and operation, in order to increase the feasibility and flexibility of agricultural development Subsidies from government are important non-market supplement to agriculture, without which relevant marketing and operation can＇ t run sustainably. The homogeneity and openness of land rights play key roles in the establishment of modern agricultural system. From this perspective, some enlightening points can be concluded that, the bondage between land rights, identification and income distribution should be segregated to streamline the optimization and configuration of agricultural capital and resources. Homogeneous land rights system between urban and rural areas should be formed via the transfer of land rights from rural collective owned land to stated own land for further unification with secondary and tertiary industries, and marketing of agriculture in our country. This research can provide some profound proposals and suggestions for the transformation of agricuhural management and marketing systems.

关 键 词：农业组织 经营模式 政府补贴 土地产权 产业联合 

分 类 号：F311[经济管理—产业经济]