桂西北5种退耕还林林分枯落物的持水特性  

Water-Holding Characteristics of Five Types of Forest Litters of Returning Farmland to Forest in Northwest Guangxi

作　　者：宋飞[1] 吴立素 申庆海[1] 庄嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西生态工程职业技术学院,广西柳州545000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2016年第28期150-153,156,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西壮族自治区林业厅资助项目(20120897)

摘　　要：[目的]为桂西北石漠化地区退耕还林生态建设提供一定的理论依据。[方法]对桂西北5种退耕林分枯落物蓄积量与持水特性进行研究。[结果]5种林分林下枯落物总蓄积量大小依次为尾叶桉(11.59 t/hm^2)、任豆(7.99 t/hm^2)、核桃(7.71 t/hm^2)、板栗(7.14 t/hm^2)、香椿(3.70 t/hm^2);5种不同林分各分解层枯落物持水能力表现基本一致,从大到小均为香椿、板栗、任豆、尾叶桉、核桃,半分解层枯落物持水量大于未分解层;不同林分林下枯落物持水量随着时间增加而增加,半分解层在浸泡2 h有较快上升,未分解层在浸泡4 h明显上升,之后进入平稳阶段;不同林分枯落物吸水速率随着时间增加而减小,枯落物半分解层与未分解层吸水速率在浸泡2 h内最快,2~8 h逐渐变小,8 h之后明显减缓;不同林分林下枯落物的有效拦蓄量大小为尾叶桉(36.89 t/hm^2)、板栗(26.65 t/hm^2)、任豆(23.19 t/hm^2)、香椿(16.64 t/hm^2)、核桃(15.36 t/hm^2)。[结论]尾叶桉具有较大蓄积量和有效拦蓄量,今后在以涵养水源与水土保持为目标的森林经营中,可适当增加该树种的种植。Objective] To provide the theoretical basis for ecological construction of returning farmland to forest in rocky desert area of north-west Guangxi.[ Method] Stand volume and water-holding characteristics of five types of forest litters of returning farmland to forest were re-searched in northwest Guangxi.[ Result] Total stand volume of five types of forest litters were in the order of Eucalyptus urophylla （11.59 t/hm2 ） ＆gt;Zenia insignis（7.99 t/hm2 ） ＆gt;Juglans regia （7.71 t/hm2 ） ＆gt;Castanea mollissima（7.14 t/hm2 ） ＆gt;Toona sinensis（3.70 t/hm2 ） .Water holding capacities of five types of forest litters were basically consistent,which were in the order of Toona sinensis ＆gt;Castanea mollissima ＆gt;Zenia insignis ＆gt;Eucalyptus urophylla ＆gt;Juglans regia.The water-holding capacity of the semi-decomposed litter was greater than that of the undecomposed litter.Water-holding capacity of the forest litter increased with the time prolonged.Semi-decomposed litter in-creased rapidly at 2 h; and undecomposed litter enhanced greatly when soaked for 4 h,and then entered into stable stage.Water absorption rate of the forest litter decreased as time prolonged.In the first 2 h,both the water absorption rate of semi-decomposed and undecomposed litter were the fastest.In 2-8 h after soaking,the rate gradually decreased.The rate declined slowly after 8 h.The effective interception rate of dif-ferent forest litters were in the order of Eucalyptus urophylla（36.89 t/hm2 ） ＆gt;Castanea mollissima（26.65 t/hm2 ） ＆gt;Zenia insignis（23.19 t/hm2） ＆gt;Toona sinensis （16.64 t/hm2） ＆gt;Juglans regia （15.36 t/hm2）.[Conclusion] Eucalyptus urophylla has relatively great stand volume and effective holding capacity.During the construction of water conservation and soil and water conservation in future,we should increase the planting of Eucalyptus urophylla.

关 键 词：退耕还林 林下枯落物 持水特性 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]