宁夏固海扬黄灌区玉米地面节水灌溉技术模式研究  

Water-saving Irrigation Techniques of Cornland in Guhai Pumping Irrigation Area of Ningxia

作　　者：周立华 鲍子云 杜宇旭 陈鸿 

机构地区：[1]宁夏水利科学研究院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏固海扬水管理处,宁夏中宁755100

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2016年第8期1-4,8,共5页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区科技支撑计划项目"精量灌溉与水肥一体化技术研究与示范"

摘　　要：对宁夏固海扬黄灌区渠道防渗衬砌技术、激光平地技术、畦田灌溉技术、农机农艺技术、节水管理技术进行了研究,提出了玉米地面节水灌溉技术模式并进行应用示范。应用效果表明:灌区各级输水渠道采用防渗衬砌技术,渠道水利用系数达0.65以上;激光平地技术较常规平田整地技术,田面平整状况的绝对改善度在3.61~4.47 cm,相对改善度为63.8%~78.0%;示范区玉米生产在2014年11月上旬冬灌的基础上,玉米生育期灌水3次、灌溉定额3 951.6 m3/hm^2,配套适宜的农机农艺技术,玉米平均产量可达到17 134.5 kg/hm^2,灌溉水生产效益达到4.33 kg/m^3,考虑降水、土壤蓄水变量,综合水分生产效益达到2.96 kg/m^3。This paper studied the technology of seepage control of canal and lining, laser leveling, border check irrigation,farm machinery and agronomy and water-saving management in Guhai pumping irrigation area of Ningxia, and introduced application and demonstration of water-saving irrigation techniques of cornland. The results showed that utilization ratio of water canals at all levels with seepage control lining technology reached more than 0.65; with laser leveling, the definite improvement ratio of field flatness was between 3.61 cm to 4.47 cm and the relative one was between 63.8% to 78.0%;after winter irrigation in the first ten-day period of Nov. and three-time irrigation during childbearing period, with irrigation quota of 3 951.6 m^3/hm^2, equipped with fitful farm machinery and agronomy technology, average yield of corns in demonstration plot reached 17 134.5 kg/hm^2, irrigation water production efficiency reached 4.33 kg/m^3, precipitation, soil water storage variable and comprehensive water production efficiency reached 2.96 kg/m^3.

关 键 词：玉米 技术模式 激光平地 灌溉定额 水分生产效益 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]