失意感对行为倾向的影响作用探讨  

A Study on the Impact of Hopelessness on Behavioral Inclination

作　　者：翁定军[1] 华红琴[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学社会学院社会学系 [2]上海大学社会学院社会工作系

出　　处：《社会》2016年第6期155-179,共25页Chinese Journal of Sociology

基　　金：张海东教授主持的国家哲学社会科学重大招标项目"社会质量与和谐社会建设研究"(11&ZD148)的阶段性成果~~

摘　　要：本研究按照"社会结构性因素→生活层面的心理因素→失意感→行为倾向"这一关系链,以定量研究方式探讨个体的失意感及其对攻击和沉默两种行为倾向的影响。研究表明,失意感是影响攻击倾向和沉默倾向的关键因素,结构性因素和生活层面的心理因素是否影响行为倾向,关键在于它们是否会转化为失意感,行为倾向中的攻击倾向和沉默倾向是一对源于"不满"的心理同构体。据此结论,本研究认为,攻击倾向构成了攻击行为的心理基础,沉默倾向构成了"社会溃败"的心理基础,而社会阶层结构的"定型化"阻碍了人们的向上社会流动,是造成失意感的社会机制。因此,防范攻击倾向和沉默倾向应从消除人们的失意感着手。Following an explanatory logic of ＂ social structural factor→ psychological factors in everyday life→hopelessness →behavioral inclination＂, this quantitative research explores the impact of individual hopelessness on behavioral inclination of aggression and silence. Hopelessness in this studyrefers to a state of mind when an individual loses confidence in life and hope for the future. Behavioral inclination refers to the psychological disposition towards certain behavioral directions excluding specific situations and events. Our statistical analysis of the data shows that..a） Feeling hopelessness has effects on behavioral inclination. When a person＇s sense of hopelessness increases, his/ her tendency towards aggression or withdrawal rises correspondently;b） Social structural factors （mainly refer to socio-economic statuses） and psychological factors of everyday life have direct effects on individuals＇ sense of wellbeing but only have indirect influences on behavioral inclination; 3） Hopelessness affects aggressive inclination the same way as it does to silence inclination. For some, the impact is manifested in aggression tendency while for others in silence. Our study concludes that a sense of hopelessness plays a key role in generating both aggressive and silence behavioral inclination. Social structural and psychological factors only become relevant when they are the cause of hopelessness. Aggression and withdrawal are an isomorphic pair, rising from dissatisfaction. Long-term dissatisfaction in life can progress to hopelessness, which in turn causes an increasing number of people with aggressive and silence tendencies. Aggressive inclination constitutes psychological readiness for aggression while silence inclination offers psychological acceptance for social devastation. The social mechanism of hopelessness lies in the solidified structure of social strata that prevents social upward mobility. Therefore,any preventive measures for aggressive or silence inclination should begin with an

关 键 词：失意感 攻击倾向 沉默倾向 

分 类 号：C912.6[经济管理]