高压气体密封橡胶O形圈往复摩擦特性实验研究  

Experiment of Frictional Characteristics of Rubber O-rings at High Gas Seal Pressure

作　　者：朱启惠[1] 丁少鹏[1] 白少先[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310032

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2016年第11期37-40,104,共5页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(LR14E050001);国家自然科学基金项目(51275473)

摘　　要：采用往复摩擦实验研究高压气体密封条件下橡胶O形圈的摩擦性能,分析密封压力大于3 MPa条件下密封压力、压缩率和橡胶材料对O形圈往复运动摩擦性能的影响规律。结果表明:高压条件下O形圈所呈现的摩擦力-位移时变曲线特征与低压条件相同,且黏滞特性明显。高压条件下随着密封压力的增加,丁腈橡胶O形圈最大摩擦力和滑动摩擦力呈线性增长,与低压下最大摩擦力存在极大值和滑动摩擦力趋于稳定不同;高压条件下丁腈橡胶O形圈的最大摩擦力与压缩率呈非线性关系,最大摩擦力存在极大值,与低压下最大摩擦力随压缩率的增大而增大不同;与丁腈橡胶材料不同,三元乙丙橡胶、硅橡胶和氟橡胶的摩擦力随密封压力的增加而逐步增加并趋于平稳,且摩擦力小于丁腈橡胶。Frictional characteristics of rubber O-rings at high gas pressure were studied experimentally.The influence of seal pressure, compression ratio and rubber materials on the friction performance of the O-ring was analyzed when the seal pressure was greater than 3 MPa.The experimental results show that the time-varying curves of O-rings friction force and displacement under high pressure and low pressure are similar, with an obvious hysteresis characteristic.With the increasing of sealing pressure under high pressure condition, the maximal friction and sliding friction of Nitrile rubber O-ring are in- creased linearly, which is different from the calculated results under low pressure condition that the maximal friction exists maximum and the sliding friction tends to be stable. Under the condition of high pressure, the maximal friction of rubber O-ring has a nonlinear relation with the compression rate, and the maximal friction exists maximum, which is also different from the calculated results under low pressure condition that the maximal friction is increased with the increasing of com- pression ratio.The friction of EPDM rubber, Silicone rubber and Fluorine rubber is less than that of Nitrile rubber, and it is increased with the increasing of sealing of pressure and tends to be stable,which is different from the Nitrile rubber.

关 键 词：高压 气体密封 O形圈 黏滞特性 摩擦力 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]