极低出生体重儿出院后营养与生长发育监测  

Nutrition, growth and development of very-low-birth-weight infants after discharge

作　　者：章晓婷[1] 龚华[1] 陈文[1] 钟晓云[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市妇幼保健院新生儿科,430000

出　　处：《中华临床营养杂志》2016年第5期299-302,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼司“合生元母婴营养与健康研究项目”（2013FY005）

摘　　要：目的通过对极低出生体重儿出院后营养与生长发育监测研究，探讨半量强化母乳、早产儿出院后配方奶对极低出生体重儿出院后生长发育的影响。方法对143例极低出生体重儿按照出院后个体化营养强化方式（半量强化母乳、早产儿出院后配方奶）分为两组，监测纠正周龄40周、52周时身长、体质量、头围生长发育情况。结果143例早产极低出生体重儿纠正周龄40周时体质量、身长、头围宫外生长发育迟缓率分别为35．25％、32．43％、14．41％；纠正周龄52周时分别为9．52％、10．81％、2．7％；半量强化母乳组与早产儿出院后配方奶组生长发育比较，两者差异无统计学意义；在纠正周龄40周、52周、56周时，分别有18．67％、56．0％和68．75％的病例停用强化营养，改为普通配方奶或纯母乳喂养。结论早产极低出生体重儿出院后营养强化管理能更快实现追赶生长，半量强化母乳与早产儿出院后配方奶对体格发育影响无差异。Objective To explore the effect of breast feeding plus human milk fortifier and formula on growth and development of very-low-birth-weight （VLBW） infants after discharge through monitoring post-dis- charge nutritional status, growth, and development of VLBW infants. Methods A total of 143 preterm VLBW infants were divided into two groups according to feeding mode after discharge： breastfeeding ＋ human milk for- tifier group, and formula feeding group. Body length, weight, and head circumference of each group were re- corded and analyzed at corrected age of 40 weeks and 52 weeks. Results The extrauterine growth retardation rates of weight, length, and head circumference of the 143 infants were 35.25%, 32. 43%, and 14.41%, re- spectively at corrected age of 40 weeks; 9. 52%, 10. 81%, and 2. 7%, respectively at corrected age of 52 weeks. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in growth and development. At the corrected age of 40, 52, and 56 weeks, 18.67%, 56.0%, and 68.75% of the cases were shifted from hu- man milk fortifier to formula feeding or exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusions Post-discharge intensive nutri- tional management may accelerate grow of VLBW infants. There are little difference in growth and development between formula-feeding VLBW infants and those fed with mother＇s milk plus human milk fortifier.

关 键 词：婴儿 极低出生体重 母乳强化剂 出院后配方奶 生长发育迟缓 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]