泌尿外科住院患者术前泌尿系带菌情况筛查结果分析  

Distribution of pathogens isolated from hospitalized patients of urology department before urinary surgery

作　　者：高美玲[1] 孙迎娟[1] 侯桂英[1] 孙晓玲[1] 黄伟丽[1] 徐桂强[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学附属医院医院感染管理部,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第22期5185-5187,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的监测泌尿外科住院患者尿液中分离的病原菌种类及耐药状况,指导抗菌药物合理使用,预防手术后泌尿系感染。方法对2014年10月-2015年9月泌尿外科所有住院患者共统计病例数1 495例,共收集标本1455份做尿培养,其中符合要求标本1251份,并对尿培养分离菌进行鉴定和耐药性分析,部分药敏试验采用K-B法。结果 1251份合格尿培养标本中检出病原菌391株占31.25%;其中革兰阴性菌291株占74.42%,革兰阳性菌88株占22.50%,真菌12株占3.06%;大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌产ESBLs率分别为48.40%和32.00%,粪肠球菌中未发现耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)菌株,屎肠球菌中VRE为9.09%。结论泌尿外科住院患者尿培养筛查病原菌以大肠埃希菌和肠球菌为主,分离的病原菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率较高。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from urine speci‐mens of hospitalized patients of urology department so as to provide guidance for reasonable use of antibiotics and prevent the postoperative urinary tract infections .METHODS A total of 1 495 patients who were hospitalized the u‐rology department from Oct 2014 to Sep 2015 were enrolled in the study ;totally 1 455 urine specimens were col‐lected ,and 1251 specimens were eligible .The pathogens isolated from the urine specimens were identified ,the drug resistance was analyzed ,and the drug susceptibility testing was performed with the use of K‐B method . RESULTS Totally 391 （31 .25% ） strains of pathogens were isolated from the 1251 eligible urine specimens ,inclu‐ding 291 （74 .42% ） strains of gram‐negative bacteria ,88 （22 .50% ） strains of gram‐positive bacteria ,and 12 （3 .06% ） strains of fungi .The detection rates of ESBLs‐producing E .coli and K .pneumoniae were 48 .40% and 32 .00% ,respectively .The vancomycin‐resistant E .f aecalis was not found ,and the detection rate of the vanco‐mycin‐resistant Enterococcus f aecium was 9 .09% .CONCLUSION The E .coli and Enterococcus spp are dominant among the pathogens isolated from the urine specimens of the hospitalized patients of urology department .The i‐solated pathogens are highly resistant to the commonly used antibiotics .

关 键 词：尿培养筛查 泌尿系感染 细菌耐药性分析 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R691.3[医药卫生—泌尿科学]