微波在渣油加氢催化中的应用  

Application of Microwave in Catalytic Hydrogenation of Residue

作　　者：张庆军[1] 刘文洁[1] 隋宝宽[1] 袁胜华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司抚顺石油化工研究院,辽宁省抚顺市113001

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2016年第9期12-16,共5页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：采用在微波条件下加氢催化的工艺方法对渣油进行改质,选用商业渣油加氢催化剂C-I,考察各物质在微波辐射条件下的温度情况,确定微波辐射温度范围,进行加氢催化反应。结果表明:微波条件下加氢催化过程可以降低渣油的黏度和密度,可有效脱除渣油中部分硫、氮和金属钒,并具有较好的沥青质转化能力。在微波辐射温度250℃的条件下,硫的脱除率可达8.2%,氮的脱除率达到15.8%,钒的脱除率高达42.2%,沥青质转化效果显著。微波与油品之间相互作用同时具有热效应和非热效应。热效应即微波加热具有选择性,出现局部过热产生热裂解,非热效应是由于在微波的作用下降低了分子键的活化能,使得化学键容易断裂。Modification of residue oil was performed by catalytic hydrogenation under the condition of microwave and use of commercial hydrotreating catalyst C-I. According to the temperature of the material under the condition of microwave radiation,it was determined the temperature range of the microwave radiation. The results showed that this process could reduce the viscosity and the density of residue,remove part of the sulfur,nitrogen and vanadium,and had a good ability of asphaltene conversion. Under the 250 ℃ microwave radiation temperature,the sulfur removal rate was 8. 2%,the nitrogen removal rate reached 15. 8%,and the vanadium removal rate was as high as 42. 2%,the effect of asphaltene conversion was remarkable. The interaction between microwave and residue not only has thermal effect,but also has non-thermal effect. Because the thermal effect of microwave heating was selective,the thermal cracking was produced by local overheating.The non thermal effect was that the chemical bond was easy to break due to the activation energy of the chemical bond reduced by the microwave.

关 键 词：渣油 微波 加氢催化 沥青质 热裂解 

分 类 号：TE624.43[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]