我国农村生活垃圾处理行业发展路径探析  

Exploration for Industry development Path of Rural Living Garbage Disposal in China

作　　者：王波[1] 王夏晖[1] 郑利杰 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境规划院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境与可持续发展》2016年第5期37-41,共5页Environment and Sustainable Development

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项项目(201309063)

摘　　要：随着国家农村生活垃圾处理"十三五"目标发布,中国农村生活垃圾处理行业发展迎来重大机遇。近年来,各地大力推进社会主义新农村建设,农村生活垃圾处理能力也不断提高,但全国仍有一半以上的村庄生活垃圾未得到有效处理,"垃圾围村"现象仍比较普遍。农村生活垃圾具有分布散、规模小、利润薄、投资回报时间长等特点,目前市场投资回报机制尚不健全,市场化商业治理模式还不成熟,行业发展处于探索起步阶段。制约行业发展的关键性因素是技术标准空白、革新技术空缺、扶持政策不够、资金保障机制不全、市场主体不足等。为加快解决农村生活垃圾污染问题,探索农村生活垃圾处理行业发展路径,本文在系统分析国内外技术进展、现行技术标准和产业发展现状的基础上,分别从完善标准体系、开展专项研发、制定扶持政策、建立投入机制和培育市场主体等方面,提出了建立健全农村生活垃圾处理体制机制的对策建议。With the published target about national rural living garbage disposal in 2020,the industry of rural living garbage disposal is facing great development opportunities. In recent years,under vigorously promoting the construction of new socialist countryside,the ability of rural living garbage disposal has been constantly improved. However,more than half of village rural living garbage are not been effectively treated all over the country. It is still a common phenomenon which many villages are surrounded by living garbage. Rural living waste has the characteristics of scattered distribution,small scales,thin profits,long return on investment and so on. The development of rural domestic waste disposal industry is in the initial stage of exploration because of imperfect market investment return mechanism and immature business management model. There are many key factors restricting the development of the industry, such as lack of technical standards, lack of innovative technology,very few preferential policies,inadequate funding mechanisms,lack of market entity and so on. In order to solve the problem of rural living garbage pollution and explore the development path of its disposal industry, this paper firstly analyses its technical progress at home and abroad,the existing technical standards and the present situation on the industry development. Then some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward on improving the rural living garbage disposal mechanism,respectively from building standard system,carrying out special research and development,making preferential policies,and cultivating market entity.

关 键 词：农村生活垃圾 行业发展 技术标准 扶持政策 市场主体 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]