附着基粗糙度等因素与海藻密度的相关性研究  

Effects on algal density of substrate roughness and sediment

作　　者：施超[1] 梁振林[1] 梅俊学[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学(威海)海洋学院,山东威海264209

出　　处：《海洋学报》2016年第10期105-112,共8页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(人工鱼礁表面粗糙度与海藻附着效果的关系及其机理研究;31272703)

摘　　要：海藻附着基表面粗糙度与孢子附着密度有密切的相关性,已经由许多研究证实。但是海藻苗的密度是否仍然受到附着基粗糙度的影响,还缺乏明确的结论。本文以尼龙和亚克力两种材料作为海藻附着基,悬挂于自然海区中使海藻孢子附着并萌发生长,用以研究附着基表面粗糙度对4种海藻密度的影响。结果显示,多管藻、尾孢藻、点叶藻、硬毛藻这4种海藻,在不具沟槽的光滑面,密度显著低于任何有沟槽的粗糙面;但粗糙度不同的附着基之间比较,对海藻密度的影响并不显著。室内培育的海带苗,在尼龙上的密度与粗糙度成正相关,但是将海带苗移至海上培育后,不再与粗糙度有相关性,可能与其假根状固着器下海后的发育有关。本文还试验了海泥、灭活海泥和低栖硅藻3种沉积物与附着基粗糙度对海藻密度的影响,结果表明,沉积物和附着基粗糙度,以及它们的交互作用对海藻密度的影响,因附着基的材料和海藻种类而有差别。It has been proved that there are more algal spores settled on rough surface than on smooth surface.However,the effect of surface roughness on algal density has not been tested.In this study,two substrate material NYLON and PMMA were suspended in the sea to get algal propagules attaching and developing.Densities of four species of seaweeds Polysiphonia urceolata,Urospora penicilliformis,Punctaria latifolia and Chaetomorpha antennina were counted on 6 different roughness surfaces.The ANOVA show that there is significantly less sporelings on smooth surface（without depression）than on any rough surface（with any of six densities of depression）.However,different roughness on substrate surface has no significant impact on seaweed density.In the experiment in a greenhouse with filtered seawater,surface roughness on NYLON substrate significantly impact sporeling density of Laminaria japonica.However,when the substrate with Laminaria japonicasporelings were transferred and suspended into the sea for 8 days,most sporelings were removed and the roughness had no significant impact on the algal density.The possible effects of zooplankton grazing and hydrodynamic forces in the sea decreasing algal adhesion are discussed.3 types of sediment,sea mud,sterial-sea-mud and diatom were settled on substrate surface to test the affect on algal density.The results show that the affect of sediment and roughness and the interaction between them on algal density depends on the algal species and substrate materials.

关 键 词：附着基 粗糙度 海藻密度 沉积物 

分 类 号：S917.3[农业科学—水产科学]