灌水深度对冬小麦根系形态的影响研究  

Effects of Irrigation Depth on Root Morphology of Winter Wheat

作　　者：狄楠[1] 马娟娟[1] 孙西欢[1,2] 郭向红[1] 黄洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,太原030024 [2]山西水利职业技术学院,山西运城044004

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2016年第10期49-52,55,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51109154;51579168);教育部博士点基金资助项目(20121402110009);山西省科技攻关资助项目(20140311016-6)

摘　　要：为了研究灌水深度对冬小麦根系生长的影响,在大田应用塑料管土柱法进行冬小麦根系试验,测定了冬小麦拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期和成熟期的根系形态指标,结果表明:相比地表灌水方式,灌水总量不变,结合含水率的深度灌水方式能够促进冬小麦根系深扎,提高整体根量,且对其根长及根重密度的垂直分布也有显著的影响;通过促进冬小麦下层根系的生长发育,增大根长及根重密度,从而使整体根量提高;至成熟期,深度灌水方式可使根系的入土深度增大30cm左右,总根长增加20%左右,总根重增加10%左右;在生育后期,灌水深度过大会对表层根系的生长发育产生一定的抑制作用,所以要选取适当的灌水到达深度。根系分布深度的60%和75%是本试验条件下节水的适宜灌溉深度,可为华北地区冬小麦节水灌溉提供参考。To study the effects of irrigation depth control on winter wheat root morphology this paper uses soil column cultivation methods to conduct a winter wheat root experiment that measures the root morphology of winter wheat at the jointing stage, heading stage, filling stage and maturity stage. The results show that., compared to the ground irrigation methods, depth irrigation methods combined with water contend can promote root depth plunging, improve total root length and weight, and affect its vertical distribu- tion of root length and weight density significantly. It can improve the whole root biomass by promoting the growth of winter wheat in the lower soil layer. To maturity stage, depth irrigation methods can increase the root depth about 30 em or so, the total root length by about 20% and the total root weight by about 10%. But at the later growth stages, to the depth irrigation methods, too great an irrigation depth will restrain the growth of roots in the surface soil layer. So it should select the appropriate irrigation depth. In this experiment, to the irrigation depth of 60 % and 75 % root depth, the overall roots of winter wheat grow well. And it can pro- vide a reference for the water-saving irrigation of winter wheat in North Ghina.

关 键 词：冬小麦 水分调控 灌水深度 根系形态 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程] TV93[农业科学—农业工程]