水库建设运行对三岔河流域径流与洪水特征变化影响分析  

An Analysis of the Impact of Reservoirs on the Runoff and Flood Characteristics in Sanchahe River Basin

作　　者：许浩[1,2] 雷晓辉[2] 宋万祯[2,3] 秦韬[2] 宋巍 舒栋材 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [3]天津大学建筑工程学院,天津300072 [4]北京市南水北调团城湖管理处,北京100089 [5]贵州省水文水资源局,贵阳550002

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2016年第10期108-115,共8页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：贵州省重大科技项目"黔中岩溶山区水资源可持续利用关键技术研究"(黔科合重大专项专题[2012]6013-6号)

摘　　要：为分析人类活动的加强尤其是水库的建设对河川径流以及洪水特征的影响,以贵州三岔河流域为研究区域,基于1963-2012水文和气象数据,对年径流深、降水、蒸发的时间序列采用线性回归和Mann-Kendall非参数检验(M-K检验)方法进行趋势性分析,探究该流域径流与洪水特征变化。研究结果表明,在置信水平95%下,三岔河流域上游年径流系数变化趋势不明显,分析原因是因为上游水库数量较少,水库的库容较小,对径流影响不明显;在整个三岔河流域,普定和引子渡两座大型水库对年径流和洪水特征影响很大,年径流深下降比较明显大约为4.01mm/a,最大洪峰流量、最大3d洪量和最大7d洪量减小也非常明显。The strengthening of human activities is analyzed with the help of Mann--Kendall （M-K） trend analysis and linear regres- sion analysis in Sanchahe River Basin based on the hydrological and meteorological data, 1963-2012, the characteristics of runoff and flood are explored. The research results show that as reservoirs constructed in upstream Sanchahe River basin are small both in num- ber and storage capacity, the annual runoff depth decreased slightly during 1963-2012, but the trend was not significant at 95 ~ con- fidence level. The annual runoff depth of the whole basin decreased significantly, about 4. 01mm/a. Puding Reservoir and Yinzidu Reservoir have an obvious impact on the runoff and flood regime in the whole Sanchahe River Basin. The annual maximum peak flow （AMPF）, annual maximum 3-day flood volume （AM3FV） and annual maximum 7-day flood volume （AM7FV） decreased signifi- cantly at Yachihe Station, especially after the Puding and Yinzidu Reservoir dams are built.

关 键 词：Mann-Kendall趋势分析 人类活动 水库建设 年径流系数 洪水特征 

分 类 号：TV214[水利工程—水文学及水资源] S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]