基于营生资本框架的溪洛渡工程移民状况调查  

An Investigation of Relocated People in Xiluodu Project Based on the Livelihood Resources Framework

作　　者：陈文超[1] 强茂山[1] 夏冰清[1] 郑腾飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,项目管理与建设技术研究所,北京100084

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2016年第10期123-127,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179086,51079070,51379104);水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室科研课题资助(2013-KY-5,2015-KY-5);清华大学中国农村研究院博士论文奖学金项目资助(201407)

摘　　要：溪洛渡工程实施中出现部分移民生产恢复困难、部分安置点被迫改动甚至撤销等问题。针对工程中以损定补思路局限性,从营生资本角度构建研究框架,对97户571位移民开展了入户调查,分析搬迁前后移民营生资本变化情况。结果表明,水电交通、教育医疗条件、外出务工技能等营生资本得到改善,但同时农林牧渔生产技能下降;自然资本中土地数量减少、畜牧养殖条件恶化;经济资本中部分家庭入不敷出;公共资本中治安条件恶化。针对上述问题提出相应对策建议,包括利用外出务工收入提高、移民外出务工趋势形成及安置点地理优势等有利条件,鼓励劳动力输出,为移民城镇化和收入转型提供便利条件;加强移民技能培训,加大针对移民群体的治安维护力度。Some relocated people have difficulties in recovering in Xiluodu Project, thus canceling a number of resettlement plans, which demonstrates the limitation of traditional compensation policy based on material losses. In order to find the details of the prob- lems and their solutions, we conduct an investigation based on the Livelihood Resources Framework in Xiluodu project supported by data collected from 571 migrants, we analyze the variation trend of livelihood capital before and after the resettlement. The results indicate that some kinds of livelihood resources are on the rise, such as the use of water and electricity, the conditions of transporta- tion, skills of industrial producing. On the other hand, some livelihood resources are declining, such as skills of farming, the amount of land, conditions of animal husbandry, household income and security conditions. Furthermore, we propose some suggestions for the project based on the results of investigation. First, we take advantage of the increase in non-agricultural population ratio, the in- dustrial income and the geographical conditions to accelerate urbanization and income reconstruction by encouraging labor export. Second, we provide more training for the relocated people and put more effort in maintaining good security conditions.

关 键 词：水库移民 营生资本 可持续发展 入户调查 溪洛渡工程 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] S212[农业科学—农业机械化工程]