四川省村镇污水处理工艺调查及适宜性分析  

Investigation and Suitability Analysis on the Process of Sewage Treatment of Villages and Towns in Sichuan Province

作　　者：谢燕华[1] 刁志强[1] 王兰亭[1] 覃银红[1] 代雨[1] 李爽[1] 韩智勇[1] 施国中[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610059 [2]农业部沼气科学研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2016年第9期140-145,208,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(41472230);中国农业科学院科技创新工程

摘　　要：为了解四川省农村示范村镇对生活污水治理效果及村民的环境意识状况,采取问卷调查和取样分析相结合的形式对四川省5个市、6个农村示范村镇的生活污水处理现状、工艺及村民的环境意识进行实地调研。结果表明,大部分人口集中的农村示范村乡镇,建有集中生活污水处理设施,主要污水处理工艺为厌氧-好氧-人工湿地处理系统,而PASG工艺对生活污水中的SS、TN和NH3-N去除率大于90%;人口较分散的农村地区,根据居住区农户数量建有不同规模的人工湿地;在较偏远的农村地区,因缺乏污水处理设施,大部分村民将生活污水直接排放。在所调研的农村地区,大部分受访者认为生活污水乱排主要会产生恶臭、环境卫生和水体污染等问题;50%以上的受访者表示生活污水有必要进行处理,且支付污水处理费用应在10元/(户·月)之内较适宜。而少数偏远农村地区的受访者表示无力支付该费用。此外,对所调研的农村示范村的污水处理工艺存在的问题进行了分析。In order to understand the effect of demonstrative villages and towns on the management of domestic sewage and the environmental awareness in Sichuan Province, the status of domestic sewage treatment, process and environmental awareness of the villagers were investigated by adopting questionnaire and sampling analysis in 6 villages of 5 cities in Sichuan Province. The results showed that, most of the population concentrated in rural areas, which were constructed centralized sewage treatment facilities and sewage treatment process was the anaerobic - aerobic - artificial wetland treatment system. Besides, the removal rate of SS, TN and NHa-N in domestic sewage was greater than 90% by PASG process. According to the number of residential area farmers were constructed with different sizes of wetlands. For remote rural areas, most of the villagers chose to discharge sewage directly without constructing sewage treatment facilities. In the rural areas of the investigation, the majority of respondents believed that the wastewater will cause a foul odor, environmental health and water pollution and other issues. More than 50% of respondents said that it was necessary to treat domestic sewage and sewage treatment costs should be appropriately paid within 10 yuan/（household, month）, while a little number of remote rural areas of the respondents said they couldn＇t afford the fee. In addition, the problems existing in the sewage treatment process of the rural demonstration sites were analyzed.

关 键 词：农村生活污水 处理现状 污水工艺 环境意识 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]