添加复配菌剂对保温堆肥箱中纤维素垃圾降解的影响  

Effect of Composite Microbial Inoculants on Cellulose Waste Biodegradation at Thermo-insulated Composter

作　　者：苏良湖[1] 赵秋莹 孙旭[1] 张龙江[1] 汝超杰 戴传超[3] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [2]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [3]南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2016年第5期1-7,共7页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

基　　金："十二五"村镇建设领域国家科技计划课题"密集型村镇生活垃圾处理与资源化利用技术及工程示范研究"(2014BAL02B04);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2015年)

摘　　要：秸秆是农业生产中的一种重要剩余生物质资源。在保温堆肥箱中考察了不同复配菌剂（根霉Rhizopus、蜂房芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus alvei、绿色木霉Trichoderma viride、拟茎点霉B3 phompsis liquidambari B3）对玉米秸秆、牛粪、果蔬废弃物共堆肥的影响。堆肥的过程中,表征了含水率、温度、挥发性物质、E4/E6、三维荧光特性以及植物种子发芽率等参数。研究发现,保温堆肥箱可使纤维素垃圾在堆肥中迅速（2~3 d）升温至最高温度。接种根霉/蜂房芽孢杆菌,根霉/蜂房芽孢杆菌/拟茎点霉B3,根霉/蜂房芽孢杆菌/绿色木霉/拟茎点霉B3,使堆肥最高温度从61.5℃分别提高至72.6、71.8、69.8℃。根据VS降解,E4/E6和3D-EEM的变化规律,发现接种根霉/蜂房芽孢杆菌/绿色木霉/拟茎点霉B3可一定程度上促进物料的腐熟化进程。纤维素垃圾各堆肥时期的样品,均未对水萝卜种子发芽率产生不利影响,没有表现出植物毒性。Straw is an important remaining biomass resource from agricultural production. In this paper,effect of different composite microbial inoculants（Rhizopus,Paenibacillus alvei,Trichoderma viride and phompsis liquidambari B3）on the biodegradation of maize straw,cow dung and vegetable waste at thermo-insulated composter were investigated. Different parameters such as temperature,p H,moisture content,volatile solid（VS）,E4/E6 ratio,three-dimension excitation emission matrix fluorescence（3D-EEM）and germination rate（GR）were analyzed. The results showed that the temperature of compost raised to the highest quickly（within 2~3 d）by using thermo-insulated composter. The highest temperature during composting increased from 61.5 to 72.6,71.8 and 69.8 ℃,respectively,in the presence of Rhizopus＋Paenibacillus alvei,Rhizopus＋Paenibacillus alvei＋phompsis liquidambari B3,and Rhizopus＋Paenibacillus alvei＋Trichoderma viride＋phompsis liquidambari B3. According to the changes of VS,E4/E6 ratio and 3D-EEM,the results indicated that treatment of Rhizopus,Paenibacillus alvei,Trichoderma viride and phompsis liquidambari B3 accelerated the degradation of cellulose waste to some extent. With respect to seed germination rate of Raphanus sativus L.,no phytotoxicity was recorded of the cellulose waste during the period of composting.

关 键 词：堆肥 秸秆 菌剂 保温堆肥箱 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] X712[农业科学—农业基础科学]