机构地区:[1]复旦大学附属中山医院全科医学科,上海200032 [2]上海市安亭镇社区卫生服务中心,201805 [3]复旦大学附属浦东医院呼吸科,上海201300
出 处:《中华全科医师杂志》2016年第10期759-764,共6页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners
基 金:上海市浦东新区卫生系统学科带头人培养计划(PWRd2015-03)
摘 要:目的:调查上海市社区全科医生和全科规范化培训学员对于慢性阻塞性肺疾病( COPD)相关知识的知晓情况。方法2012年7—9月采用自行设计的问卷对上海市徐汇区和嘉定区10所社区卫生服务中心的全科医生(59人)及上海市2012级全科规范化培训学员(75人)共134人进行调查。结果男性49人,女性85人,平均年龄(30.4±8.0)岁,应答率100.0%。在“COPD指南总体知晓情况”“COPD的诊断““COPD与哮喘的鉴别诊断”“肺功能报告的解读”“气雾剂使用方法”“吸纳器使用方法”“支气管扩张剂不良反应”“COPD康复治疗”和“COPD家庭氧疗”的自评中,被调查对象“基本了解”“有一定了解”和“完全了解”的构成比之和分别为61.9%(83/134)、81.3%(108/133)、83.6%(112/134)、59.0%(79/134)、69.4%(93/134)、35.8%(48/134)、61.2%(82/134)、56.7%(76/134)和53.8%(72/134)。除“肺功能报告的解读”一项外,社区全科医生的了解程度自评均好于全科规范化培训学员(均P<0.01)。在8道COPD相关知识测试题中,回答正确率最高的是判断题“戒烟可否延缓COPD肺功能的下降程度”[93.3%(125/134)],最低的是多选题“以下哪些有助于COPD和哮喘的鉴别”[16.4%(22/134)]。与全科规范化培训学员相比,社区全科医生回答“以下哪些有助于COPD和哮喘的鉴别”的正确率较低(6.8%比24.0%,χ2=7.136,P=0.008),回答“中度COPD的治疗方案”的正确率较高(55.9%比30.7%,χ2=8.655,P=0.003)。半数以上[56.7%(76/134)]被调查对象认为“有必要”在社区开展COPD筛查,20.1%(27/134)认为“完全有必要”。结论社区全科医生和全科规范化培训学员的COPD相关知识仍欠缺,应重点加强COPD危险因素、鉴别诊断�Objective To assess the awareness and knowledge about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) among community general practitioners and general practice residency trainees in Shanghai.Methods Questionnaire was designed and used to investigate the knowledge of COPD among 59 general practitioners from 10 community health centres and 75 general practice trainees in Shanghai from July to September 2012.Results Of the 134 respondents, 49 were male and 85 were female with average age of (30.4 ±8.0) years.In the self-evaluation of “the knowledge about COPD”, “the diagnosis of COPD”,“the differential diagnosis of COPD and asthma”, “the interpretation of lung function report”, “aerosol using method”, “method about absorption apparatus”, “the side effects of bronchodilator”, “COPD rehabilitation” and “long term oxygen therapy, the rates of knowledge mastery were 61.9% ( 83/134 ) , 81.3%(108/133), 83.6% (112/134), 59.0% (79/134), 83.6% (93/134), 35.8% (48/134), 61.2%( 82/134 ) , 56.7% ( 76/134 ) and 61.2% ( 72/134 ) .Except interpretation of “lung function report”, the sores of all items in self-evaluation of the community general practitioners were higher than those of residency trainees ( all P〈0.01 ) .Among the COPD related questions, the hightest accuracy rate was 93.3%(125/134) ( smoking cessation can attenuate the declined lung function) and the lowest accrurcy rate was 16.4% ( 22/134 ) ( the differential diagnosis of COPD and asthma ) .Compared with the general practice residents, community general practitioners got lower scores in question “how differentiate COPD from asthma” (6.8%vs.24.0%,χ2 =7.136, P=0.008) and got higher scores in question“the treatment of moderate COPD” (55.9%vs.30.7%,χ2 =8.655, P=0.003).More than half [56.7%(76/134)] of respondents thought that“it is necessary to develop COPD screening in community”, and 20.1%(27/134) thought that“absolutely
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