疏叶骆驼刺适应盐渍生境的离子分布、吸收和运输特征  

Ion distribution,absorption and translocation characteristics of Alhagi sparsifolia in adaptation to saline habitat

作　　者：罗瀚林 曾凡江[1,2,3] 张波[1,2,3] 刘波 赵生龙[1,2,3,4] 高欢欢[1,2,3,4] LUO Han-lin ZENG Fan-jiang ZHANG Bo LIU Bo ZHAO Sheng-long GAO Huan-huan(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecolo- gy, Xinfiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Uruiqi 830011, China Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, Xinjiang, China Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Zone, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Uruiqi 830011, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,新疆策勒848300 [3]中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2016年第11期3514-3520,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：新疆自治区科技支撑计划项目(201433114);国家基金委-新疆联合基金重点项目(U1203201);国家自然科学基金项目(41371516)资助~~

摘　　要：以塔里木盆地南缘关键物种疏叶骆驼刺为材料,研究了不同盐渍土壤生境(轻度盐渍土、中度盐渍土、重度盐渍土)下其器官间Na^+、K^+、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)的分布、吸收及运输特征,以探讨疏叶骆驼刺对自然盐渍生境的适应特性.结果表明:在轻度和中度盐渍土生境,Na^+在各器官中的分布规律为茎≈刺>叶>根,而在重度盐渍土生境,Na^+分布规律为叶>茎≈刺>根;Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)在疏叶骆驼刺体内的分布规律为叶>刺>茎>根.随着土壤含盐量的增加,疏叶骆驼刺体内各器官Na^+含量都增大,而叶片中K^+含量呈下降趋势;根和叶器官中K^+/Na^+值明显降低,各器官中Ca^(2+)/Na^(+)、Mg^(2+)/Na^+值都降低.盐渍生境下,疏叶骆驼刺体内Ca^(2+)选择性运输系数和Mg^(2+)选择性运输系数均为茎-叶>茎-刺>根-茎.疏叶骆驼刺为适应盐渍生境,在土壤含盐量较低时,将Na^+聚集于茎和刺;而在土壤含盐量较高时,则将Na^+聚集于叶片.此外,Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)可能是疏叶骆驼适应盐渍生境的无机渗透调节物质.In order to explore the adaptive capacity of Alhagi sparsifolia to soil salinity （mild, mo- derate, severe saline soil）, the distribution, adsorption and translocation characteristics of Na＋, K＋, Ca2＋, ng2＋ in different organs of A. sparsifolia, which is a dominant native vegetation in south- ern edge of Tarim basin, were investigated. The results showed that when grown on a mild and mod- erate saline soil, Na＋ distribution in different organs of A. sparsifolia followed the order of stem thorn〉leaf〉root; when grown on a severe saline soil, Na＋ distribution followed leaf〉stem thorn〉 root. The distribution of Ca2＋ and Mg2＋ followed leaf 〉thorn〉stem〉root. With the increase of soil salt level, Na＋ content in different organs of A. sparsifolia increased, while K＋ content in leave de- creased; meanwhile the increasing soil salt level significantly decreased the K＋/Na＋ ratio in both root and leave, as well as the Ca2＋/Na＋ and Mg2＋/Na＋ ratios in all organs. The selective transporta- tion coefficients for Ca2＋-Na＋ and Mg2＋-Na＋ followed order of stem-leaf〉stem-thorn〉root-stem under saline habitats. Based on the integrated analysis, in order to adapt to salinity habitat, A. sparsifolia could use multiple organs to accumulate Na＋, depending on soil salt level. Na＋ could accumulate in stem and thorn at a relative low level, but in leaves at high levels. Besides, Ca2＋and Mg2＋ could be the inorganic osmotic adjustment substances for A. sparsifolia to adapt the saline environment.

关 键 词：疏叶骆驼刺 离子 盐碱地 适应性 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]