福州江滨公园不同植被对土壤微团聚体组成及分形的影响  

Composition and Fractal Features of Soil Micro-aggregates Under Different Types of Vegetation in Urban Park of Fuzhou

作　　者：钟羡芳[1,2] 陈哲[2] 刘炜杰[2] 陈佳俐[2] 曾宏达[1,2] 黄向华[1,2] 杨玉盛[1,2] ZHONG Xian-fang CHEN Zhe LIU Wei-jie CHEN Jia-li ZENG Hong-da HUANG Xiang-hua YANG Yu-sheng(Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology （ Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded）, Fuzhou 350007, China College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China)

机构地区：[1]湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培育基地,福建福州350007 [2]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建福州350007

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第6期96-102,共7页Journal of Fujian Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31000321);福建省教育厅资助项目(JB14026)

摘　　要：选择福州市南江滨公园内建植年龄（10a）相当的阔叶树黄花槐（Sophora xanthantha C．Y．Ma）林、针叶树南洋杉（Araucaria cunninghamii）林以及较为常见的沟叶结缕草（Zoysia matrella）草坪为研究对象，以建园之前遗留林木番石榴（Psidium guajava Linn．）林为对照，采用吸管分散分离法提取土壤微团聚体，分析了城市公园不同植被土壤微团聚体组成、平均质量直径（MWD）、平均质量比表面积（MWS—SA）等．结果显示：保留林土壤以粗微团聚体（0．25-2mm）为主，而后建3种植被土壤以〈0．02mm粒级的微团聚体为主体，保留林MWSSA和分形维数显著低于后建林地，MWD显著高于后建林地，大粒级颗粒含量越多，分形维数（D）越小．可见，公园绿化过程中若保留原有林木，可以保护土壤微团聚体稳定性．后建3种植被土壤的分形维数，阔叶林低于草坪和针叶林，但差异尚未达到显著水平，这可能与建植年龄还较短有关．不同植被类型土壤微团聚体的分形维数越低，土壤有机质和碱解氮含量越高，说明分形维数可以作为城市绿地土壤定量化描述土壤肥力水平的指标．Composition of soil micro-aggregates, the value of mean weight diameter （ MWD）, the values of mean weight soil surface area （MWSSA）, fractal dimension （D） and the relations between fractal dimension of soil micro-aggregates and soil physical properties, soil chemical proper- ties were studied under different types of vegetation （ a broad-leaved forest： Sophora xanthantha; a coniferous forest： Araucaria cunninghamii; a lawn： Zoysia matrella; and a reserved forest： Psidi- um guajava in the urban park of Fuzhou were studied. Soil micro-aggregates were separated by pi- pette and sieve analysis. The results showed that the composition of the reserved forest soil were dominated by large aggregates （0. 25 to 2 mm）, and which were dominated by 〈0. 02 mm aggre- gates in the post planting forests and lawn soil. The MWSSA, fractal dimension of the broad-leaved forest soil was lower than that of coniferous forest and the lawn soil, but has yet to reach significant difference levels, which may be associated with the short planting age. The more large fraction parti- cles content, the fractal dimension is smaller. The values of D of soil micro-aggregates had negative correlation with contents of soil organic matter and available N, and had positive correlation with the contents of P. Obviously, the fractal dimension of soil micro-aggregates could objectively reflected the soil physical and chemical properties, thus it can be used as a comprehensively quantitative index to evaluate the soil fertility.

关 键 词：土壤微团聚体 分形维数 城市绿地 福州 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]