新疆阿勒泰地区典型药用植物群落与多样性研究  

Typical Medicinal Plants Community and Diversity Research in Altay Region of Xinjiang

作　　者：郎涛[1] 夏建新[1] 吴才武[2] 邓群[1] 吴燕红[1] LANG Tao XIA Jian-xin WU Cai-wu DENG Qun WU Yan-hong(College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing ! 0008 !, China Department of Resources and En- vironment, Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde 067000, China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081 [2]河北民族师范学院资源与环境系,河北承德067000

出　　处：《中药材》2016年第7期1472-1476,共5页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAC15B04);承德市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(20155004)

摘　　要：目的：对新疆阿勒泰地区阿尔泰大黄、乌拉尔甘草、新疆阿魏、新疆芍药、木贼麻黄、牛至6种典型药用植物进行调查,明确其自然条件下生存现状。方法：基于30个样地对该地区6种典型药用植物群落结构与物种多样性进行生态学调查。结果：调查共记录植物39种,分属20科36属,旱生灌木、半灌木与草本植物占主导地位,6种典型药用植物的重要值依次为：0.32、0.37、0.42、0.50、0.49、0.34,6种药用植物群落物种多样性指数偏低（0.63～0.80）：新疆芍药群落、新疆阿魏群落和阿尔泰大黄群落物种多样性指数最大（0.80、0.80、0.76）;木贼麻黄群落和牛至群落次之（0.74、0.64）;乌拉尔甘草群落最低（0.63）。结论：新疆阿勒泰地区药用植物物种组成与群落结构相对简单,亟待得到相应保护。Objective： To investigate typical medicinal plants of Rheum altaicum,Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Ferula sinkiangensis,Paeonia sinjiangensis,Ephedra equisetina,and Origanum vulgare in Altay region of Xinjiang,and to clarify their current existing situation under natural condition. Methods： Based on the 30 sample plots,ecological methods were used for investigating the community structure and species diversity of local medicinal plants. Results： 39 species belonging to 20 families,36 genera were recorded in the area. Xerophytic shrubs,half shrubs and herbs were dominant plants. The important values of six typical medicinal plants were 0. 32,0. 37,0. 42,0. 50,0. 49 and 0. 34,respectively. Six indexes of species diversity were generally low（ 0. 63～0. 80）,in which the species diversity indexes of Paeonia sinjiangensis,Ferula sinkiangensis,and Rheum altaicum were the highest（ 0. 80,0. 80 and 0. 76）,the species diversity indexes of Ephedra equisetina and Origanum vulgare were lower（ 0. 74 and 0. 64）,and the species diversity index of Glycyrrhiza uralensis was the lowest（ 0. 63）. Conclusion： Composition and community structure of medicinal plant species in Altay region of Xinjiang were relatively simple,which need to be protected urgently.

关 键 词：药用植物群落 群落结构 物种多样性 新疆阿勒泰地区 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]